@article{892db592005d4323b6b5778fa6cb0004,
title = "Measles virus infection diminishes preexisting antibodies that offer protection from other pathogens",
abstract = "Measles virus is directly responsible for more than 100,000 deaths yearly. Epidemiological studies have associated measles with increased morbidity and mortality for years after infection, but the reasons why are poorly understood. Measles virus infects immune cells, causing acute immune suppression. To identify and quantify long-term effects of measles on the immune system, we used VirScan, an assay that tracks antibodies to thousands of pathogen epitopes in blood. We studied 77 unvaccinated children before and 2 months after natural measles virus infection. Measles caused elimination of 11 to 73% of the antibody repertoire across individuals. Recovery of antibodies was detected after natural reexposure to pathogens. Notably, these immune system effects were not observed in infants vaccinated against MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), but were confirmed in measles-infected macaques. The reduction in humoral immune memory after measles infection generates potential vulnerability to future infections, underscoring the need for widespread vaccination.",
author = "Mina, {Michael J.} and Tomasz Kula and Yumei Leng and Mamie Li and {De Vries}, {Rory D.} and Mikael Knip and Heli Siljander and Marian Rewers and Choy, {David F.} and Wilson, {Mark S.} and {Benjamin Larman}, H. and Nelson, {Ashley N.} and Griffin, {Diane E.} and {De Swart}, {Rik L.} and Elledge, {Stephen J.}",
note = "Funding Information: We express our gratitude to the participants, including children, parents, school staff, and other volunteers, who provided time and samples for this work. We also thank B. T. Grenfell and C. J. E. Metcalf for their early insights into this work and E. Shrock for assistance with assays. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the Value of Vaccine Research Network to S.J.E. and M.J.M.; a grant from the Gates Foundation to S.J.E.; an NIH/NIAID U24 grant to H.B.L. and S.J.E.; a grant from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (grant 202063) and a grant from the Academy of Finland (Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology; grant 250114) to M.K.; NIH R01 DK032493 to M.R.; NIH R21 AI095981 and R01 AI131228 to D.E.G.; and a grant from PREPARE Europe (EU FP7 grant 602525) to R.L.d.S. S.J.E. is an Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.",
year = "2019",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1126/science.aay6485",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "366",
pages = "599--606",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "6465",
}