TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal Oral Health Influences Infant Salivary Microbiome
AU - Ramadugu, K.
AU - Bhaumik, D.
AU - Luo, T.
AU - Gicquelais, R. E.
AU - Lee, K. H.
AU - Stafford, E. B.
AU - Marrs, C. F.
AU - Neiswanger, K.
AU - McNeil, D. W.
AU - Marazita, M. L.
AU - Foxman, B.
N1 - Funding Information:
An earlier version of parts of this study was presented at the 13th International Conference on Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases and at the 16th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology. This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R01-DE014899).
Funding Information:
We thank the women and children who participated in the COHRA 2 project. We also express our sincere thanks to field staff past and present in West Virginia and Pennsylvania for their dedicated efforts. We thank Elizabeth Stafford for laboratory assistance and our colleagues in the Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology at the University of Michigan School of Public Health and in the COHRA for their comments and guidance on this work. An earlier version of parts of this study was presented at the 13th International Conference on Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases and at the 16th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology.
Publisher Copyright:
© International & American Associations for Dental Research 2020.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Oral microbiomes vary in cariogenic potential; these differences may be established early in life. A major concern is whether mothers transmit cariogenic bacteria to their children. Here we characterize early salivary microbiome development and the potential associations of that development with route of delivery, breastfeeding, and mother’s oral health, and we evaluate transmission of microbes between mother and child. We analyzed saliva and metadata from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia. For this cohort study, we sequenced the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Candida albicans in the saliva from mothers and their infants, collected at 2, 9, and 12 mo (Pennsylvania site) and 2, 12, and 24 mo (West Virginia site). Breastfed children had lower relative abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella. If mothers had decayed, missing, or filled teeth, children had greater abundances of Veillonella and Actinomyces. There was little evidence of maternal transmission of selected microbes. At 12 mo, children’s microbiomes were more similar to other children’s than to their mothers’. Infants’ salivary microbiomes became more adult-like with age but still differed with mothers’ microbiomes at 12 mo. There was little evidence supporting transmission of selected microbes from mothers to children, but risk of colonization was associated with tooth emergence. Children are likely to acquire cariogenic bacteria from a variety of sources, including foods and contact with other children and adults.
AB - Oral microbiomes vary in cariogenic potential; these differences may be established early in life. A major concern is whether mothers transmit cariogenic bacteria to their children. Here we characterize early salivary microbiome development and the potential associations of that development with route of delivery, breastfeeding, and mother’s oral health, and we evaluate transmission of microbes between mother and child. We analyzed saliva and metadata from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia. For this cohort study, we sequenced the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Candida albicans in the saliva from mothers and their infants, collected at 2, 9, and 12 mo (Pennsylvania site) and 2, 12, and 24 mo (West Virginia site). Breastfed children had lower relative abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella. If mothers had decayed, missing, or filled teeth, children had greater abundances of Veillonella and Actinomyces. There was little evidence of maternal transmission of selected microbes. At 12 mo, children’s microbiomes were more similar to other children’s than to their mothers’. Infants’ salivary microbiomes became more adult-like with age but still differed with mothers’ microbiomes at 12 mo. There was little evidence supporting transmission of selected microbes from mothers to children, but risk of colonization was associated with tooth emergence. Children are likely to acquire cariogenic bacteria from a variety of sources, including foods and contact with other children and adults.
KW - 16S rRNA
KW - caries
KW - early childhood caries
KW - epidemiology
KW - gingivitis
KW - oral microbiome
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U2 - 10.1177/0022034520947665
DO - 10.1177/0022034520947665
M3 - Article
C2 - 32859139
AN - SCOPUS:85089960798
SN - 0022-0345
VL - 100
SP - 58
EP - 65
JO - Journal of Dental Research
JF - Journal of Dental Research
IS - 1
ER -