TY - JOUR
T1 - Mastitis and immunological factors in breast milk of lactating women in Malawi
AU - Semba, Richard D.
AU - Kumwenda, Newton
AU - Taha, Taha E.
AU - Hoover, Donald R.
AU - Lan, Yin
AU - Eisinger, Ward
AU - Mtimavalye, Laban
AU - Broadhead, Robin
AU - Miotti, Paolo G.
AU - Van Der Hoeven, Len
AU - Chiphangwi, John D.
PY - 1999/9
Y1 - 1999/9
N2 - Although an elevated sodium concentration in human milk is suggested to be an indicator of mastitis, it is unclear whether elevated sodium concentrations are associated with immunological and inflammatory mediators in human milk. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the relationships between elevated breast milk sodium concentrations and levels of lactoferrin, lysozyme, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) in human milk at 6 weeks postpartum in 96 lactating women in Blantyre, Malawi. Mastitis, as indicated by an elevated breast milk sodium concentration, was present in 15.6% of the women. Women with and without mastiffs had respective median levels of other factors as follows: lactoferrin, 1,230 versus 565 mg/liter (P < 0.0007); lysozyme, 266 versus 274 mg/liter (P = 0.55); SLPI, 76 versus 15 μg/liter, (P < 0.0002); IL-8, 339 versus 25 ng/liter (P < 0.0001); and RANTES, 82 versus 3 ng/liter (P < 0.0001). Elevated sodium concentrations in breast milk are associated with an increase in levels of some immunological and inflammatory factors in breast milk.
AB - Although an elevated sodium concentration in human milk is suggested to be an indicator of mastitis, it is unclear whether elevated sodium concentrations are associated with immunological and inflammatory mediators in human milk. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the relationships between elevated breast milk sodium concentrations and levels of lactoferrin, lysozyme, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) in human milk at 6 weeks postpartum in 96 lactating women in Blantyre, Malawi. Mastitis, as indicated by an elevated breast milk sodium concentration, was present in 15.6% of the women. Women with and without mastiffs had respective median levels of other factors as follows: lactoferrin, 1,230 versus 565 mg/liter (P < 0.0007); lysozyme, 266 versus 274 mg/liter (P = 0.55); SLPI, 76 versus 15 μg/liter, (P < 0.0002); IL-8, 339 versus 25 ng/liter (P < 0.0001); and RANTES, 82 versus 3 ng/liter (P < 0.0001). Elevated sodium concentrations in breast milk are associated with an increase in levels of some immunological and inflammatory factors in breast milk.
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U2 - 10.1128/cdli.6.5.671-674.1999
DO - 10.1128/cdli.6.5.671-674.1999
M3 - Article
C2 - 10473515
AN - SCOPUS:0032850330
SN - 1071-412X
VL - 6
SP - 671
EP - 674
JO - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
JF - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
IS - 5
ER -