@article{117552fd6be64c99a6b585608206c3d3,
title = "Marijuana use and pneumonia risk in a cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men",
abstract = "Background: The prevalence of marijuana use is increasing in the United States. Marijuana smoking has been shown to impair the microbicidal activity of alveolar macrophages and decrease the number of ciliated epithelial cells in the bronchi with a parallel increase in the number of mucus-secreting surface epithelial cells, which may increase the risk of pneumonia. However, it remains unclear whether there is an association between smoking marijuana and pneumonia. Methods: Using data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), a long-term observational cohort study of men who have sex with men in the United States, we used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the risk of pneumonia among HIV-infected (n = 2784) and HIV-uninfected (n = 2665) men from 1984 to 2013, adjusted for time-varying and fixed baseline covariates. Results: Weekly or daily marijuana use was not significantly associated with increased risk of pneumonia among HIV-uninfected men (adjusted hazard ratio; 95% confidence limits: 0.83, 0.56–1.23). In the disaggregated dose–response analysis, daily use (0.68, 0.34–1.35) was associated with a lower point estimate than weekly use [0.99, 0.79–1.25]. Conclusion: Marijuana smoking was not associated with a significant increase in risk of pneumonia among HIV-infected or HIV-uninfected men.",
keywords = "HIV, Marijuana, Pneumonia",
author = "Quint, {Joshua J.} and Tashkin, {Donald P.} and McKay, {Heather S.} and Plankey, {Michael W.} and Valentina Stosor and Friedman, {Mackey R.} and Roger Detels",
note = "Funding Information: Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). MACS (Principal Investigators): Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph Margolick, Todd Brown), U01-AI35042 ; Northwestern University (Steven Wolinsky), U01-AI35039 ; University of California , Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Otoniel Martinez-Maza), U01-AI35040 ; University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo, Jeremy Martinson), U01-AI35041 ; the Center for Analysis and Management of MACS , Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Lisa Jacobson, Gypsyamber D'Souza), UM1-AI35043 . The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD). MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR001079 (JHU ICTR) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Johns Hopkins ICTR, or NCATS. The MACS website is located at http://aidscohortstudy.org/ Funding Information: Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). MACS (Principal Investigators): Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph Margolick, Todd Brown), U01-AI35042; Northwestern University (Steven Wolinsky), U01-AI35039; University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Otoniel Martinez-Maza), U01-AI35040; University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo, Jeremy Martinson), U01-AI35041; the Center for Analysis and Management of MACS, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Lisa Jacobson, Gypsyamber D'Souza), UM1-AI35043. The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD). MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR001079 (JHU ICTR) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Johns Hopkins ICTR, or NCATS. The MACS website is located at http://aidscohortstudy.org/ Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2020",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.07.018",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "52",
pages = "64--70.e2",
journal = "Annals of Epidemiology",
issn = "1047-2797",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
}