TY - JOUR
T1 - Management of behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with Alzheimer's disease
T2 - An international Delphi consensus
AU - Kales, Helen C.
AU - Lyketsos, Constantine G.
AU - Miller, Erin M.
AU - Ballard, Clive
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 International Psychogeriatric Association.
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - Objectives: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are nearly universal in dementia, a condition occurring in more than 40 million people worldwide. BPSD present a considerable treatment challenge for prescribers and healthcare professionals. Our purpose was to prioritize existing and emerging treatments for BPSD in Alzheimer's disease (AD) overall, as well as specifically for agitation and psychosis. Design: International Delphi consensus process. Two rounds of feedback were conducted, followed by an in-person meeting to ratify the outcome of the electronic process. Settings: 2015 International Psychogeriatric Association meeting. Participants: Expert panel comprised of 11 international members with clinical and research expertise in BPSD management. Results: Consensus outcomes showed a clear preference for an escalating approach to the management of BPSD in AD commencing with the identification of underlying causes. For BPSD overall and for agitation, caregiver training, environmental adaptations, person-centered care, and tailored activities were identified as first-line approaches prior to any pharmacologic approaches. If pharmacologic strategies were needed, citalopram and analgesia were prioritized ahead of antipsychotics. In contrast, for psychosis, pharmacologic options, and in particular, risperidone, were prioritized following the assessment of underlying causes. Two tailored non-drug approaches (DICE and music therapy) were agreed upon as the most promising non-pharmacologic treatment approaches for BPSD overall and agitation, with dextromethorphan/quinidine as a promising potential pharmacologic candidate for agitation. Regarding future treatments for psychosis, the greatest priority was placed on pimavanserin. Conclusions: This international consensus panel provided clear suggestions for potential refinement of current treatment criteria and prioritization of emerging therapies.
AB - Objectives: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are nearly universal in dementia, a condition occurring in more than 40 million people worldwide. BPSD present a considerable treatment challenge for prescribers and healthcare professionals. Our purpose was to prioritize existing and emerging treatments for BPSD in Alzheimer's disease (AD) overall, as well as specifically for agitation and psychosis. Design: International Delphi consensus process. Two rounds of feedback were conducted, followed by an in-person meeting to ratify the outcome of the electronic process. Settings: 2015 International Psychogeriatric Association meeting. Participants: Expert panel comprised of 11 international members with clinical and research expertise in BPSD management. Results: Consensus outcomes showed a clear preference for an escalating approach to the management of BPSD in AD commencing with the identification of underlying causes. For BPSD overall and for agitation, caregiver training, environmental adaptations, person-centered care, and tailored activities were identified as first-line approaches prior to any pharmacologic approaches. If pharmacologic strategies were needed, citalopram and analgesia were prioritized ahead of antipsychotics. In contrast, for psychosis, pharmacologic options, and in particular, risperidone, were prioritized following the assessment of underlying causes. Two tailored non-drug approaches (DICE and music therapy) were agreed upon as the most promising non-pharmacologic treatment approaches for BPSD overall and agitation, with dextromethorphan/quinidine as a promising potential pharmacologic candidate for agitation. Regarding future treatments for psychosis, the greatest priority was placed on pimavanserin. Conclusions: This international consensus panel provided clear suggestions for potential refinement of current treatment criteria and prioritization of emerging therapies.
KW - Delphi
KW - behavioral
KW - consensus
KW - dementia
KW - psychosis
KW - treatment
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U2 - 10.1017/S1041610218000534
DO - 10.1017/S1041610218000534
M3 - Article
C2 - 30068400
AN - SCOPUS:85052627927
SN - 1041-6102
VL - 31
SP - 83
EP - 90
JO - International psychogeriatrics
JF - International psychogeriatrics
IS - 1
ER -