Lysophosphatidic acid modulates c-Met redistribution and hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells through PKC δ and E-cadherin

Previously we demonstrated that ligation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to G protein-coupled LPA receptors induces transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGF-Rβ) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), in primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs). Here we examined the role of LPA on c-Met redistribution and modulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathways in HBEpCs. Treatment of HBEpCs with LPA-induced c-Met serine phosphorylation and redistribution to plasma membrane, while treatment with HGF-induced c-Met internalization. Pretreatment with LPA reversed HGF-induced c-Met internalization. Overexpression of dominant negative (Dn)-PKC δ or pretreatment with Rottlerin or Pertussis toxin (PTx) attenuated LPA-induced c-Met serine phosphorylation and redistribution. Co-immnuoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry showed that E-cadherin interacted with c-Met in HBEpCs. LPA treatment induced E-cadherin and c-Met complex redistribution to plasma membranes. Overexpression of Dn-PKC δ attenuated LPA-induced E-cadherin redistribution and E-cadherin siRNA attenuated LPA-induced c-Met redistribution to plasma membrane. Furthermore, pretreatment of LPA attenuated HGF-induced c-Met tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling, such as Akt kinase phosphorylation and cell motility. These results demonstrate that LPA regulates c-Met function through PKC δ and E-cadherin in HBEpCs, suggesting an alternate function of the cross-talk between G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and RTKs in HBEpCs.