Long-term follow-up of patients presenting to adult nephrologists with chronic pyelonephritis and 'normal' renal function

We studied the natural history, and therefore prognosis, of patients with chronic pyelonephritis presenting to adult nephrologists with a plasma or serum creatinine <90 mmol/l. From the Newcastle chronic pyelonephritis database, 255 patients with radiologically-proven disease were reviewed. Median follow-up was 95 months (95%Cl 82.3-109.3). Plasma creatinine was ≤90 μmol/l (P(Cr)≤90 group) at presentation in 138. At presentation, hypertension, bilateral disease and proteinuria were less frequent in the P(Cr)≤90 group (hypertension 19% vs. 32%, p<0.05; bilateral disease 25% vs. 70%, p<0.001; proteinuria 18% vs. 60%, p<0.001). With the exception of two patients, the renal prognosis of this group was excellent. Patients over the age of 18 years presenting to adult nephrologists with a diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis and a creatinine ≤90 μmol/l can be reassured that the chances of developing end-stage renal failure in the future are very small. Most could be referred back to their general practitioner for long-term follow-up.