TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-term effect on mortality of a home intervention that reduces functional difficulties in older adults
T2 - Results from a randomized trial
AU - Gitlin, Laura N.
AU - Hauck, Walter W.
AU - Dennis, Marie P.
AU - Winter, Laraine
AU - Hodgson, Nancy
AU - Schinfeld, Sandy
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the long-term mortality effect of a home-based intervention previously shown to reduce functional difficulties and whether survivorship benefits differ according to initial mortality risk level. DESIGN: Two-group randomized trial with survivorship followed up to 4 years from study entry. SETTING: Homes of urban community-living elderly people. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred nineteen adults aged 70 and older with difficulties performing daily activities. INTERVENTION: Occupational and physical therapy sessions to instruct participants in compensatory strategies, home modifications, home safety, fall recovery techniques, and balance and muscle strength exercises. MEASUREMENTS: Survival time was number of days between baseline interview and date of death, as determined using data from the National Death Index or December 31, 2005. Participants were stratified according to baseline mortality risk (low, moderate, high) using a prognostic indicator. RESULTS: At 2 years, intervention participants (n=160) had a 5.6% mortality rate (n=9 deaths) and controls (n=159) a 13.2% rate (n=21 deaths; P=.02). Mortality rates remained lower for intervention participants up to 3.5 years from study entry. At 2 years, intervention participants with moderate mortality risk had a 16.7% mortality rate (n=16 deaths/96), compared with 28.2% for equivalent control group participants (n=24 deaths/85; P=.02). By 3 years, mortality rates were not statistically significantly different between the experimental and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention extended survivorship up to 3.5 years and maintained statistically significant differences for 2 years. Subjects at moderate mortality risk derived the most intervention benefit. Findings suggest that the intervention could be a low-cost clinical tool to delay functional decline and mortality.
AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the long-term mortality effect of a home-based intervention previously shown to reduce functional difficulties and whether survivorship benefits differ according to initial mortality risk level. DESIGN: Two-group randomized trial with survivorship followed up to 4 years from study entry. SETTING: Homes of urban community-living elderly people. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred nineteen adults aged 70 and older with difficulties performing daily activities. INTERVENTION: Occupational and physical therapy sessions to instruct participants in compensatory strategies, home modifications, home safety, fall recovery techniques, and balance and muscle strength exercises. MEASUREMENTS: Survival time was number of days between baseline interview and date of death, as determined using data from the National Death Index or December 31, 2005. Participants were stratified according to baseline mortality risk (low, moderate, high) using a prognostic indicator. RESULTS: At 2 years, intervention participants (n=160) had a 5.6% mortality rate (n=9 deaths) and controls (n=159) a 13.2% rate (n=21 deaths; P=.02). Mortality rates remained lower for intervention participants up to 3.5 years from study entry. At 2 years, intervention participants with moderate mortality risk had a 16.7% mortality rate (n=16 deaths/96), compared with 28.2% for equivalent control group participants (n=24 deaths/85; P=.02). By 3 years, mortality rates were not statistically significantly different between the experimental and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention extended survivorship up to 3.5 years and maintained statistically significant differences for 2 years. Subjects at moderate mortality risk derived the most intervention benefit. Findings suggest that the intervention could be a low-cost clinical tool to delay functional decline and mortality.
KW - Frailty
KW - Home care
KW - Occupational therapy
KW - Physical therapy
KW - Survivorship
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02147.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02147.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 19187417
AN - SCOPUS:61449263637
SN - 0002-8614
VL - 57
SP - 476
EP - 481
JO - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
IS - 3
ER -