Abstract
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are cholesterol-sensing nuclear receptors that are not only key regulators of lipid metabolism and transport but also suppress inflammatory signaling in macrophages through a unique mechanism of transrepression. In this brief review, we focus on the regulatory actions of LXR primarily in macrophages responding to a proatherogenic environment. LXR potentially interferes with atherosclerosis by 2 different agonist-dependent signaling pathways. The first is through promoting reverse cholesterol transportby directly activating genes of cellular cholesterol export. The second is through a general inhibitory action on proinflammatory genes where sumo-modified and agonist-bound LXR recruits negative coregulatory proteins to nuclear factor κB at immune response gene promoters through protein-protein interactions. The antiinflammatory actions of LXR may be a direct response to the proinflammatory actions recently proposed for cholesterol on inflammasome activity in the vessel wall.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 996-1001 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Circulation research |
Volume | 108 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 15 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Inflammation
- LXR
- atherosclerosis
- innate immune response
- liver X receptor
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physiology
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine