TY - JOUR
T1 - Lateral and medial upper eyelid contour abnormalities in graves orbitopathy
T2 - The influence of the degree of retraction
AU - Ribeiro, Sara Filipa Teixeira
AU - Milbratz, Gherusa Helena
AU - Garcia, Denny Marcos
AU - Fernandes, Vitor Leal
AU - Rocha-Sousa, Amândio
AU - Falcão-Reis, Fernando Manuel
AU - Cruz, Antonio Augusto Velasco
PY - 2013/1/1
Y1 - 2013/1/1
N2 - PURPOSE:: To determine the location of contour abnormalities in Graves upper eyelid retraction. METHODS:: Multiple midpupil angular eyelid distances of 75 upper eyelids of 55 patients (mean age = 41.7 ± 13.3 SD years) in the inactive phase of Graves orbitopathy were measured with a recently developed custom-made software. Sixty eyelids of 60 normal subjects were also measured as a control group. A contour peak was defined by the highest midpupil angular eyelid distance normalized (divided) by the superior limit of normality (mean + 2SD). RESULTS:: In 45 eyelids (60%), the peaks were lateral between 120 and 150 . For high levels of retraction, the peaks tended to be centrally located with a substantial number of medial deformities (30 eyelids). Although the lateral and medial peaks were not affected by exophthalmometry, there was a statistically significant increase of medial peaks when midpupil eyelid distance was greater than 6.75 mm (χ = 5.20, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:: Lateral contour abnormalities are more frequent than medial deformities. With minor degrees of retraction, there is a predominance of lateral peaks. With higher degrees of retraction, the number of medial abnormalities is similar to the lateral ones.
AB - PURPOSE:: To determine the location of contour abnormalities in Graves upper eyelid retraction. METHODS:: Multiple midpupil angular eyelid distances of 75 upper eyelids of 55 patients (mean age = 41.7 ± 13.3 SD years) in the inactive phase of Graves orbitopathy were measured with a recently developed custom-made software. Sixty eyelids of 60 normal subjects were also measured as a control group. A contour peak was defined by the highest midpupil angular eyelid distance normalized (divided) by the superior limit of normality (mean + 2SD). RESULTS:: In 45 eyelids (60%), the peaks were lateral between 120 and 150 . For high levels of retraction, the peaks tended to be centrally located with a substantial number of medial deformities (30 eyelids). Although the lateral and medial peaks were not affected by exophthalmometry, there was a statistically significant increase of medial peaks when midpupil eyelid distance was greater than 6.75 mm (χ = 5.20, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:: Lateral contour abnormalities are more frequent than medial deformities. With minor degrees of retraction, there is a predominance of lateral peaks. With higher degrees of retraction, the number of medial abnormalities is similar to the lateral ones.
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U2 - 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182747537
DO - 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182747537
M3 - Article
C2 - 23247033
AN - SCOPUS:84872920236
VL - 29
SP - 40
EP - 43
JO - Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
JF - Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
SN - 0740-9303
IS - 1
ER -