Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a member of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily, is a cAMP-activated chloride channel. CFTR contains two transmembrane domains (TMDs), two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs), and a regulatory (R) domain. We found that whole-cell CFTR-dependent Cl - currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes were sensitive to HgCl 2 , suggesting that modification of endogenous cysteines alters channel activity. To understand better this phenomenon, site-directed mutagenesis was employed to generate both individual cysteine replacements and a version of the molecule with no cysteines in the hydrophobic sector. Each mutant displayed a forskolin/IBMX-activated Cl-conductance similar to wild type, indicating that none of the cysteines located within the TMDs is essential. Subsequent single-channel analysis of inside-out patches excised from HEK293 cells expressing either cysteine-less or wild-type CFTR showed that intracellular application of a membrane impermeant sulphydryl reagent, p-chloromercuribenzosulfonate (PCMBS), significantly reduced open probability without affecting ion selectivity or conductance. The cysteine-less molecule also acquired a voltage-dependent sensitivity to extracellular PCMBS not observed in the wild type, perhaps due to a more flexible conformation that allowed PCMBS access to the intracellular surface. Together, these experiments suggest that endogenous intracellular cysteines, located primarily within the NBDs and/or R domain, influence channel gating.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2002 |
Keywords
- ABC transporter
- ATP-binding cassette
- CFTR
- Channel gating
- Cysteine mutagenesis
- Open probability
- Sulphydryl labeling
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine