Influence of temperature and ontogeny on the levels of glucosinolates in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) sprouts and their effect on the induction of mammalian phase 2 enzymes

Fernanda Maria Valente Pereira, Eduardo Rosa, Jed W. Fahey, Katherine K. Stephenson, Rosa Carvalho, Alfredo Aires

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

136 Scopus citations

Abstract

Broccoli inflorescences have been recognized as components of healthy diets on the basis of their high content of fiber, vitamin C, carotenoids, and glucosinolates/isothiocyanates. Broccoli sprouts have been recently shown to have high levels of glucoraphanin (4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate), the precursor of the chemoprotective isothiocyanate, sulforaphane. This study evaluated the effects of temperature and developmental stage on the glucosinolate content of broccoli sprouts. Seedlings cultivated using a 30/15 °C (day/night) temperature regime had significantly higher glucosinolate levels (measured at six consecutive days postemergence) than did sprouts cultivated at lower temperatures (22/15 and 18/12 °C; p < 0.001). Both higher (33.1 °C) and lower (11.3 °C) constant temperatures induced higher glucosinolate levels in sprouts grown to a uniform size. Glucosinolate levels were highest in cotyledons and lowest in roots of sprouts dissected both early and late in the 11 day developmental span investigated. Nongerminated seeds have the highest glucosinolate levels and concordantly greater induction of mammalian phase 2 detoxication enzymes. Levels decline as sprouts germinate and develop, with consistently higher glucosinolate content in younger developmental stages, independent of the temperature regime. Temperature stress or its associated developmental anomalies induce higher glucosinolate levels, specific elevations in glucoraphanin content, and parallel induction of phase 2 chemoprotective enzymes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)6239-6244
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume50
Issue number21
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 9 2002
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Antioxidant
  • Broccoli sprouts
  • Chemoprotection
  • Glucosinolates

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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