TY - JOUR
T1 - Infant human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis in resource-limited settings
T2 - issues, technologies, and country experiences
AU - Creek, Tracy L.
AU - Sherman, Gayle G.
AU - Nkengasong, John
AU - Lu, Lydia
AU - Finkbeiner, Thomas
AU - Fowler, Mary Glenn
AU - Rivadeneira, Emilia
AU - Shaffer, Nathan
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2007/9
Y1 - 2007/9
N2 - Diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in infants is difficult because maternal HIV antibodies cross the placenta, causing positive serologic tests in HIV-exposed infants for the first several months of life. Early definitive diagnosis of HIV requires virologic testing such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is the diagnostic standard in resource-rich settings but has been too complex and expensive for widespread use in most countries with high HIV prevalence. Early PCR testing can help HIV-infected infants access treatment, provide psychosocial benefits for families of uninfected infants, and help programs for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV monitor their effectiveness. HIV testing, including PCR, is increasingly available for infants in resource-limited settings, but there are many barriers and complex policy decisions that need to be addressed before universal early testing can become standard. This paper reviews challenges and progress in the field and suggests ways to facilitate early infant testing in resource-limited settings.
AB - Diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in infants is difficult because maternal HIV antibodies cross the placenta, causing positive serologic tests in HIV-exposed infants for the first several months of life. Early definitive diagnosis of HIV requires virologic testing such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is the diagnostic standard in resource-rich settings but has been too complex and expensive for widespread use in most countries with high HIV prevalence. Early PCR testing can help HIV-infected infants access treatment, provide psychosocial benefits for families of uninfected infants, and help programs for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV monitor their effectiveness. HIV testing, including PCR, is increasingly available for infants in resource-limited settings, but there are many barriers and complex policy decisions that need to be addressed before universal early testing can become standard. This paper reviews challenges and progress in the field and suggests ways to facilitate early infant testing in resource-limited settings.
KW - infant human immunodeficiency virus testing and diagnosis
KW - mother-to-child transmission
KW - pediatric antiretroviral treatment
KW - polymerase chain reaction
KW - rapid human immunodeficiency virus tests
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.03.002
DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.03.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 17825652
AN - SCOPUS:34548418967
SN - 0002-9378
VL - 197
SP - S64-S71
JO - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
JF - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
IS - 3 SUPPL.
ER -