Induction therapy in renal transplant recipients: How convincing is the current evidence?

The goal of orntibodies specific for multiple adhesion molecules and even human leukocyte antigen, while CD52 (the target of alemtuzumab) is present on many antigen-presenting cells as well as lymphocytes. The manner in which the immune system recovers after induction may also aid in establishment of immune tolerance, with proliferation of suppressor T lymphocytes seen with rATG use. The various contributions of these mechanisms in achieving the goal of allograft tolerance are currently being investigated. The currently available data are of generally low quality, based on many small and often retrospective studies. Definitions of 'high risk' vary between studies, as do induction and maintenance dosing regimens. Standardization of definitions and establishment of large, prospective, multicentre trials would lead to a better understanding of the currently available agents and their best use in renal transplantation induction therapy.