Abstract
The present study evaluated short- and long-term effects of MDMA (3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine) in the baboon brain using PET and [11C] (+)McN 5652, a potent 5-HT transporter ligand, as well as [11C]RTI-55, a cocaine derivative which labels both 5-HT and dopamine transporters. Following baseline PET scans with [11C](+)McN5652, [11C](-)McN5652 (the inactive enantiomer of the active enantiomer [11C](+)McN5652) and [11C]RTI-55, a baboon was treated with MDMA (5 mg/kg, s.c., twice daily for four consecutive days). PET studies at 13, 19, and 40 days post-MDMA revealed decreases in mean radioactivity levels in all brain regions when using [11C](+)McN 5652, but not with [11C](-)McN5652 or [11C]RTI-55. Reductions in specific [11C](+)McN5652 binding (calculated as the difference in radioactivity concentrations between (+) and (- )[11C]McN5652) ranged from 44% in the pons to 89% in the occipital cortex. PET studies at 9 and 13 months showed regional differences in the apparent recovery of 5-HT transporters, with increases in some brain regions (e.g., hypothalamus) and persistent decreases in others (e.g., neocortex). Data obtained from PET studies correlated well with regional 5-HT axonal marker concentrations in the CNS measured after sacrifice of the animal. The results of these studies indicate that PET imaging of the living nonhuman primate brain with [11C](+)McN 5652 can detect changes in regional 5-HT transporter density secondary to MI)MA-induced neurotoxicity. Using PET, it should also be feasible to use [11C](+)McN5652 to determine whether human MDMA users are also susceptible to MDMA's neurotoxic effects.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 183-192 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Synapse |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 1998 |
Keywords
- MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
- Neurotoxicity
- PET (positron emission tomography) imaging
- Papio anubis
- Serotonin (5- HT)
- [C](+)McN5652
- [C](-)McN5652
- [C]RTI-55 ([C]-β-CIT)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience