TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro antibiotic susceptibilities of ocular isolates in North and South America
AU - Jensen, Harold G.
AU - Felix, Carlos
AU - Bowersox, Judith
AU - Climent, Alejandro
AU - Dick, James
AU - Osterhout, Jerard
AU - DiRocco, Pedro
AU - Kowalski, Regis P.
AU - Miller, Darlene
AU - Osato, Michael
AU - Robson, Hugh G.
AU - Santorelli, Frances
AU - Simor, A. E.
AU - Trousdale, Melvin
AU - Jackson, W. Bruce
AU - Yurack, Joseph
PY - 1998/1
Y1 - 1998/1
N2 - Purpose. To assess the in vitro susceptibility of ocular bacterial isolates from North and South America to antiinfectives that are commonly used in the treatment of external ocular infection. Methods. Ocular isolates (n = 1,291) from 12 laboratories in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Argentina were tested for their susceptibility to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin using both disk-diffusion and broth-dilution methods. Results. When the results from disk-diffusion and broth-dilution testing were combined, the relative overall in vitro efficacy was (in decreasing order): ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tobramycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Against gram-positive organisms it was: ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin equivalent to chloramphenicol, norfloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and erythromycin equivalent to tobramycin. Against gram-negative organisms it was: ofloxacin equivalent to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline comparable to erythromycin. Conclusions. The fluoroquinolones ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin had higher overall in vitro efficacy than the other antibiotics tested. Of the fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin had the highest in vitro efficacy against gram-positive organisms. All three fluoroquinolones were equivalent in efficacy against gram-negative organisms.
AB - Purpose. To assess the in vitro susceptibility of ocular bacterial isolates from North and South America to antiinfectives that are commonly used in the treatment of external ocular infection. Methods. Ocular isolates (n = 1,291) from 12 laboratories in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Argentina were tested for their susceptibility to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin using both disk-diffusion and broth-dilution methods. Results. When the results from disk-diffusion and broth-dilution testing were combined, the relative overall in vitro efficacy was (in decreasing order): ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tobramycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Against gram-positive organisms it was: ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin equivalent to chloramphenicol, norfloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and erythromycin equivalent to tobramycin. Against gram-negative organisms it was: ofloxacin equivalent to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline comparable to erythromycin. Conclusions. The fluoroquinolones ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin had higher overall in vitro efficacy than the other antibiotics tested. Of the fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin had the highest in vitro efficacy against gram-positive organisms. All three fluoroquinolones were equivalent in efficacy against gram-negative organisms.
KW - Antibiotic susceptibility
KW - Broad spectrum
KW - Fluoroquinolones
KW - In vitro
KW - Keratitis
KW - Ofloxacin
KW - Resistanee
KW - Susceptibility
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U2 - 10.1097/00003226-199801000-00013
DO - 10.1097/00003226-199801000-00013
M3 - Review article
C2 - 9436885
AN - SCOPUS:0031984090
SN - 0277-3740
VL - 17
SP - 79
EP - 87
JO - Cornea
JF - Cornea
IS - 1
ER -