Implantable control, telemetry, and solar energy system in the moving actuator type total artificial heart

Jae Mok Ahn, Jung Hoon Lee, Sung Wook Choi, Wook Eun Kim, Kyong Sik Omn, Seong Keun Park, Won Gon Kim, Joon Ryang Roh, Byoung Goo Min

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The moving actuator type total artificial heart (TAH) developed in the Seoul National University has numerous design improvements based upon the digital signal processor (DSP). These improvements include the implantability of all electronics, an automatic control algorithm, and extension of the battery run-time in connection with an amorphous silicon solar system (SS). The implantable electronics consist of the motor drive, main processor, intelligent Li ion battery management (LIBM) based upon the DSP, telemetry system, and transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) system. Major changes in the implantable electronics include decreasing the temperature rise by over 21°C on the motor drive, volume reduction (40 x 55 x 33 mm, 7 cell assembly) of the battery pack using a Li ion (3.6 V/cell, 900 mA · h), and improvement of the battery run-time (over 40 min) while providing the cardiac output (CO) of 5 L/min at 100 mm Hg afterload when the external battery for testing is connected with the SS (2.5 W, 192 · 192, 1 kg) for the external battery recharge or the partial TAH drive. The phase locked loop (PLL) based telemetry system was implemented to improve stability and the error correction DSP algorithm programmed to achieve high accuracy. A field focused light emitting diode (LED) was used to obtain low light scattering along the propagation path, similar to the optical property of the laser and miniature sized, mounted on the pancake type TET coils. The TET operating resonance frequency was self tuned in a range of 360 to 410 kHz to provide enough power even at high afterloads. An automatic cardiac output regulation algorithm was developed based on interventricular pressure analysis and carried out in several animal experiments successfully. All electronics have been evaluated in vitro and in vivo and prepared for implantation of the TAH. Substantial progress has been made in designing a completely implantable TAH at the preclinical stage.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)250-259
Number of pages10
JournalArtificial Organs
Volume22
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 1998
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Amorphous silicon solar cell
  • Interventricular pressure
  • Moving actuator type total artificial heart
  • Phase locked loop
  • Telemetry
  • Transcutaneous energy transmission

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Bioengineering
  • Medicine (miscellaneous)
  • Biomaterials
  • Biomedical Engineering

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