TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of biannual azithromycin on anemia in preschool children in kilosa district, tanzania
T2 - A cluster-randomized clinical trial
AU - Bloch, Evan M.
AU - Munoz, Beatriz
AU - Weaver, Jerusha
AU - Mrango, Zakayo
AU - Lietman, Thomas M.
AU - West, Sheila K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: This study was made possible by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1032340 and OPP1201895). E. M. B. reports non-financial support from Terumo BCT and personal fees from Grifols Diagnostics Solutions outside the submitted work. T. M. L. reports grants from BMGF during the conduct of the study.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - A cluster-randomized clinical trial showed that biannual single-dose azithromycin reduced mortality in preschool children; we sought to determine the effect on anemia. A simple random sample of 30 communities from Kilosa district, Tanzania, were themselves randomized to receive either 6-monthly treatment of children aged 1–59 months with single-dose azithromycin or placebo. From each community, 40 preschool children were randomly selected at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. At surveys, the children underwent hemoglobin testing; WHO definitions for anemia were applied. After adjusting for community clustering, the prevalence of anemia was not significantly different by treatment assignment at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. In each of the cross-sectional surveys, anemia prevalence was associated with younger age; the odds of being anemic was highest in those aged < 12 months. There was also a general decrease in the prevalence of anemia during the study. Although azithromycin was not shown to affect anemia, significantly, the study highlights burden of anemia in rural, African communities.
AB - A cluster-randomized clinical trial showed that biannual single-dose azithromycin reduced mortality in preschool children; we sought to determine the effect on anemia. A simple random sample of 30 communities from Kilosa district, Tanzania, were themselves randomized to receive either 6-monthly treatment of children aged 1–59 months with single-dose azithromycin or placebo. From each community, 40 preschool children were randomly selected at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. At surveys, the children underwent hemoglobin testing; WHO definitions for anemia were applied. After adjusting for community clustering, the prevalence of anemia was not significantly different by treatment assignment at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. In each of the cross-sectional surveys, anemia prevalence was associated with younger age; the odds of being anemic was highest in those aged < 12 months. There was also a general decrease in the prevalence of anemia during the study. Although azithromycin was not shown to affect anemia, significantly, the study highlights burden of anemia in rural, African communities.
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U2 - 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0500
DO - 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0500
M3 - Article
C2 - 32067629
AN - SCOPUS:85090510553
SN - 0002-9637
VL - 103
SP - 1311
EP - 1314
JO - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
IS - 3
ER -