TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunologic features of infants with milk or egg allergy enrolled in an observational study (Consortium of Food Allergy Research) of food allergy
AU - Sicherer, Scott H.
AU - Wood, Robert A.
AU - Stablein, Donald
AU - Burks, A. Wesley
AU - Liu, Andrew H.
AU - Jones, Stacie M.
AU - Fleischer, David M.
AU - Leung, Donald Y.M.
AU - Grishin, Alexander
AU - Mayer, Lloyd
AU - Shreffler, Wayne
AU - Lindblad, Robert
AU - Sampson, Hugh A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U19AI066738 and U01AI066560 . The authors also acknowledge the National Center for Research Resources –supported Clinical Research Centers, RR-024128 (Duke) and RR-00052 ( Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ), and the Clinical and Translational Science Award : UL1 RR025780 (National Jewish Health) and UL1 RR 029887 (Mount Sinai).
Funding Information:
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: S. H. Sicherer has received research support from the Food Allergy Initiative (FAI) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH); is a medical advisor to the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN) and medical consultant for FAI. R. A. Wood has received research support from the NIH and is an advisory board member for FAAN. A. W. Burks is a consultant for ActoGeniX NV, Intelliject, McNeil Nutritionals, and Novartis; is a minority stockholder of Allertein and MastCell, Inc; is an advisory board member for Dannon Co Probiotics; is an expert panel member for Nutricia; has received research support from the NIH, FAAN, and the Wallace Research Foundation ; has provided legal consultation or expert witness testimony on the topic of food allergy; and is on the medical board of directors for FAAN. A. H. Liu has received research support from the NIH . S. M. Jones has received research support from the National Peanut Board, NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and Dyax Corp and is on the medical advisory board for FAAN. D. M. Fleischer has received research support from the NIH . D. Y. M. Leung is director of the medical advisory board for FAI. A. Grishin has received research support from Allertein Therapeutics, LLC . W. Shreffler has received research support from FAAN . H. A. Sampson is a consultant for and shareholder of Allertein Pharmaceuticals, LLC; has received research support from FAI and NIH/NIAID ; is a consultant/scientific advisor for FAI; and is a co-owner of Herbal Springs, LLC. D. Stablein and R. Lindblad have declared that they have no conflict of interest.
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - Background: Immune features of infants with food allergy have not been delineated. Objectives: We sought to explore the basic mechanisms responsible for food allergy and identify biomarkers, such as skin prick test (SPT) responses, food-specific IgE levels, and mononuclear cell responses, in a cohort of infants with likely milk/egg allergy at increased risk of peanut allergy. Methods: Infants aged 3 to 15 months were enrolled with a positive SPT response to milk or egg and either a corresponding convincing clinical history of allergy to milk or egg or moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Infants with known peanut allergy were excluded. Results: Overall, 512 infants (67% male) were studied, with 308 (60%) having a history of a clinical reaction. Skin test responses, detectable food-specific IgE, or both revealed sensitization as follows: milk, 78%; egg, 89%; and peanut, 69%. SPT responses and food-specific IgE levels were discrepant for peanut (15% for IgE ≥0.35 kUA/L and negative SPT response vs 8% for positive SPT response and IgE <0.35 kUA/L, P = .001). Mononuclear cell allergen stimulation screening for CD25, cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH), forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3), GATA3, IL10, IL4, IFNG, and T-box transcription factor (TBET) expression by using casein, egg white, and peanut revealed that only allergen-induced IL4 expression was significantly increased in those with clinical allergy to milk (compared with nonallergic subjects) and in those sensitized to peanut, despite the absence of an increase in GATA3 mRNA expression. Conclusions: Infants with likely milk/egg allergy are at considerably high risk of having increased peanut-specific IgE levels (potential allergy). Peanut-specific serum IgE levels were a more sensitive indicator of sensitization than SPT responses. Allergen-specific IL4 expression might be a marker of allergic risk. Absence of an increase in GATA3 mRNA expression suggests that allergen-specific IL-4 might not be of T-cell origin.
AB - Background: Immune features of infants with food allergy have not been delineated. Objectives: We sought to explore the basic mechanisms responsible for food allergy and identify biomarkers, such as skin prick test (SPT) responses, food-specific IgE levels, and mononuclear cell responses, in a cohort of infants with likely milk/egg allergy at increased risk of peanut allergy. Methods: Infants aged 3 to 15 months were enrolled with a positive SPT response to milk or egg and either a corresponding convincing clinical history of allergy to milk or egg or moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Infants with known peanut allergy were excluded. Results: Overall, 512 infants (67% male) were studied, with 308 (60%) having a history of a clinical reaction. Skin test responses, detectable food-specific IgE, or both revealed sensitization as follows: milk, 78%; egg, 89%; and peanut, 69%. SPT responses and food-specific IgE levels were discrepant for peanut (15% for IgE ≥0.35 kUA/L and negative SPT response vs 8% for positive SPT response and IgE <0.35 kUA/L, P = .001). Mononuclear cell allergen stimulation screening for CD25, cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH), forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3), GATA3, IL10, IL4, IFNG, and T-box transcription factor (TBET) expression by using casein, egg white, and peanut revealed that only allergen-induced IL4 expression was significantly increased in those with clinical allergy to milk (compared with nonallergic subjects) and in those sensitized to peanut, despite the absence of an increase in GATA3 mRNA expression. Conclusions: Infants with likely milk/egg allergy are at considerably high risk of having increased peanut-specific IgE levels (potential allergy). Peanut-specific serum IgE levels were a more sensitive indicator of sensitization than SPT responses. Allergen-specific IL4 expression might be a marker of allergic risk. Absence of an increase in GATA3 mRNA expression suggests that allergen-specific IL-4 might not be of T-cell origin.
KW - Food allergy
KW - atopy
KW - sensitization
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.038
DO - 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.038
M3 - Article
C2 - 20451041
AN - SCOPUS:77951677789
SN - 0091-6749
VL - 125
SP - 1077-1083.e8
JO - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
IS - 5
ER -