TY - JOUR
T1 - Immune dysregulation in TGF-β1-deficient mice
AU - Christ, Marielle
AU - McCartney-Francis, Nancy L.
AU - Kulkarni, Ashok B.
AU - Ward, Jerrold M.
AU - Mizel, Diane E.
AU - Mackall, Crystal L.
AU - Gress, Ronald E.
AU - Hines, Keith L.
AU - Tian, Hongsheng
AU - Karlsson, Stefan
AU - Wahl, Sharon M.
PY - 1994/9/1
Y1 - 1994/9/1
N2 - Approximately 2 wk after birth, mice having a TGF-β1 null mutation (TGF- β1(-/-)) exhibit a progressive wasting syndrome and death. Associated with this phenotype is a multifocal infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages into targeted organs, especially the heart, lungs, and salivary glands. To explore the consequences of TGF-β1 deficiency on the immune system, lymphocyte phenotype and function were analyzed. Initially, lymphoid organ architecture seemed to be normal and, as symptoms developed, the thymus decreased in size, whereas lymph nodes were enlarged. Phenotypically, the TGF-β1(-/-) lymphoid cells seemed to be more differentiated in the thymus and activated in the lymph nodes, but remarkably unaffected in the spleen. Moreover, TGF-β1(-/-) spleen and lymph nodes displayed enhanced numbers of proliferating cells, as measured by proliferating cell nuclear Ag and/or cyclin-dependent kinase levels. Consistent with this hyperproliferative response, constitutive levels of IL-2 mRNA were elevated in the thymus and both IL-2 and IL-2R mRNA were increased in the lymph nodes. In contrast with the activation profile of TGF-β1(-/-) lymphoid cells in vivo, mitogen challenge of these cells in vitro revealed suppressed proliferation that was associated with a defect in inducible IL-2 mRNA expression and IL-2 secretion. Moreover, the addition of rIL-2 restored the deficient mitogen- induced proliferation. The mechanism leading to T cell anergy remains unclear; however, these data confirm the essential role for TGF-β1 in maintaining normal immune function.
AB - Approximately 2 wk after birth, mice having a TGF-β1 null mutation (TGF- β1(-/-)) exhibit a progressive wasting syndrome and death. Associated with this phenotype is a multifocal infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages into targeted organs, especially the heart, lungs, and salivary glands. To explore the consequences of TGF-β1 deficiency on the immune system, lymphocyte phenotype and function were analyzed. Initially, lymphoid organ architecture seemed to be normal and, as symptoms developed, the thymus decreased in size, whereas lymph nodes were enlarged. Phenotypically, the TGF-β1(-/-) lymphoid cells seemed to be more differentiated in the thymus and activated in the lymph nodes, but remarkably unaffected in the spleen. Moreover, TGF-β1(-/-) spleen and lymph nodes displayed enhanced numbers of proliferating cells, as measured by proliferating cell nuclear Ag and/or cyclin-dependent kinase levels. Consistent with this hyperproliferative response, constitutive levels of IL-2 mRNA were elevated in the thymus and both IL-2 and IL-2R mRNA were increased in the lymph nodes. In contrast with the activation profile of TGF-β1(-/-) lymphoid cells in vivo, mitogen challenge of these cells in vitro revealed suppressed proliferation that was associated with a defect in inducible IL-2 mRNA expression and IL-2 secretion. Moreover, the addition of rIL-2 restored the deficient mitogen- induced proliferation. The mechanism leading to T cell anergy remains unclear; however, these data confirm the essential role for TGF-β1 in maintaining normal immune function.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 8051399
AN - SCOPUS:0028169444
SN - 0022-1767
VL - 153
SP - 1936
EP - 1946
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
IS - 5
ER -