TY - JOUR
T1 - IgG Subclasses and Congenital Transmission of Chagas Disease
AU - the Working Group of Congenital Chagas in Bolivia and Peru
AU - Roca, Cristian
AU - Malaga-Máchaca, Edith S.
AU - Verastegui, Manuela R.
AU - Scola, Billy
AU - Valencia-Ayala, Edward
AU - del Carmen Menduiña, Maria
AU - Noazin, Sassan
AU - Bowman, Natalie M.
AU - Tinajeros, Freddy
AU - Gilman, Robert H.
AU - Urquizu, Federico
AU - Vidal, Angela Giovana
AU - Espinoza, Cynthia Paola
AU - Pando, Alejandra
AU - Espinoza, Celia
AU - Chavez, Clariza
AU - Velarde, Jean Karla
AU - Serrudo, Victoria
AU - Araya, Roberto
AU - Gorena, Mirko
AU - Toledo, German
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - The mechanism of vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of IgG subclasses in the congenital transmission of Chagas disease. We conducted a case-control study in a public maternity hospital in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, enrolling women at delivery. Thirty women who transmitted T. cruzi to their newborns (cases), and 51 women who did not (controls) were randomly selected from 676 total seropositive women. Trypanosoma cruzi-specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 levels were measured by in-house ELISA. The IgG4 levels were unmeasurable as a result of low levels in all participants. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results and demographic factors were also analyzed. One-unit increases in normalized absorbance ratio of IgG1 or IgG2 levels increased the odds of congenital T. cruzi transmission in Chagas-seropositive women by 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1-3.6) and 2.27 (95% CI: 0.9-5.7), adjusted for age and previous blood transfusion. Odds of congenital transmission were 7.0 times higher in parasitemic mothers (95% CI: 2.3-21.3, P < 0.01) compared with nonparasitemic mothers. We observed that all mothers with IgG1 ≥ 4 were transmitters (sensitivity = 20%, specificity = 100%). Additionally, no mothers with IgG2 < 1.13 were transmitters (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 21.6%). We demonstrated that IgG subclasses and parasite presence in blood are associated with vertical transmission of T. cruzi and could identify women at increased risk for congenital transmission by measuring IgG subclasses. These measures have potential as objective screening tests to predict the congenital transmission of Chagas.
AB - The mechanism of vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of IgG subclasses in the congenital transmission of Chagas disease. We conducted a case-control study in a public maternity hospital in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, enrolling women at delivery. Thirty women who transmitted T. cruzi to their newborns (cases), and 51 women who did not (controls) were randomly selected from 676 total seropositive women. Trypanosoma cruzi-specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 levels were measured by in-house ELISA. The IgG4 levels were unmeasurable as a result of low levels in all participants. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results and demographic factors were also analyzed. One-unit increases in normalized absorbance ratio of IgG1 or IgG2 levels increased the odds of congenital T. cruzi transmission in Chagas-seropositive women by 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1-3.6) and 2.27 (95% CI: 0.9-5.7), adjusted for age and previous blood transfusion. Odds of congenital transmission were 7.0 times higher in parasitemic mothers (95% CI: 2.3-21.3, P < 0.01) compared with nonparasitemic mothers. We observed that all mothers with IgG1 ≥ 4 were transmitters (sensitivity = 20%, specificity = 100%). Additionally, no mothers with IgG2 < 1.13 were transmitters (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 21.6%). We demonstrated that IgG subclasses and parasite presence in blood are associated with vertical transmission of T. cruzi and could identify women at increased risk for congenital transmission by measuring IgG subclasses. These measures have potential as objective screening tests to predict the congenital transmission of Chagas.
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U2 - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1524
DO - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1524
M3 - Article
C2 - 34491223
AN - SCOPUS:85122771612
SN - 0002-9637
VL - 105
SP - 1187
EP - 1192
JO - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
IS - 5
ER -