TY - JOUR
T1 - Identifying psychosocial determinants of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) behaviors for the development of evidence-based Baby WASH interventions (REDUCE program)
AU - Williams, Camille
AU - Thomas, Elizabeth D.
AU - Kuhl, Jennifer
AU - Bisimwa, Lucien
AU - Coglianese, Nicole
AU - Bauler, Sarah
AU - Francois, Ruthly
AU - Saxton, Ronald
AU - Sanvura, Presence
AU - Bisimwa, Jean Claude
AU - Mirindi, Patrick
AU - Perin, Jamie
AU - George, Christine Marie
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank USAID/Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance and Phil Moses and Amagana Togo at Food for the Hungry for their support. We also thank all the study participants and the following research supervisors and assistants who were crucial to the successful implementation of this study: Willy Mapendano, Eric-Yves Iragi, Pascal Tezangi, Blessing Muderhwa, Manu Kabiyo, Fraterne Luhiriri, Wivine Ntumba, Julienne Rushago, Pacifique Kitumaini, Freddy Endelea, Claudia Bazilerhe, Jean Claude Lunye Lunye, Adolophine F. Rugusha, Gisele N. Kasanzike, Brigitte Munyerenkana, Jessy T. Mukulikire, Dieudonné Cibinda, Jean Basimage, and Siloé Barhuze. These individuals were supported by funding from the USAID and declare no conflicts of interest. This material is based in part upon work supported by the USAID Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA), under a Development Food Security Activity (DFSA), led by Food for the Hungry in the Sud Kivu and Tanganyika provinces of DRC (Cooperative Agreement AID-FFP-A-16-00010). Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of partner organizations or the U.S. Government.
Funding Information:
We thank USAID/Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance and Phil Moses and Amagana Togo at Food for the Hungry for their support. We also thank all the study participants and the following research supervisors and assistants who were crucial to the successful implementation of this study: Willy Mapendano, Eric-Yves Iragi, Pascal Tezangi, Blessing Muderhwa, Manu Kabiyo, Fraterne Luhiriri, Wivine Ntumba, Julienne Rushago, Pacifique Kitumaini, Freddy Endelea, Claudia Bazilerhe, Jean Claude Lunye Lunye, Adolophine F. Rugusha, Gisele N. Kasanzike, Brigitte Munyerenkana, Jessy T. Mukulikire, Dieudonné Cibinda, Jean Basimage, and Siloé Barhuze. These individuals were supported by funding from the USAID and declare no conflicts of interest. This material is based in part upon work supported by the USAID Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA), under a Development Food Security Activity (DFSA), led by Food for the Hungry in the Sud Kivu and Tanganyika provinces of DRC (Cooperative Agreement AID-FFP-A-16-00010). Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of partner organizations or the U.S. Government.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Diarrheal disease remains a leading cause of child mortality, globally. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), each year there are an estimated 45 million episodes of diarrhea in children under five years of age. The Reducing Enteropathy, Diarrhea, Undernutrition, and Contamination in the Environment (REDUCE) program seeks to develop theory-driven, evidence-based approaches to reduce diarrheal diseases among young children. The REDUCE prospective cohort study in Walungu Territory in Eastern DRC took guidance from the risks, attitudes, norms, abilities, and self-regulation model, the integrated behavioral model for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and other behavior change theories to identify psychosocial factors associated with WASH behaviors. Psychosocial factors were measured among 417 caregivers at baseline and caregiver responses to child mouthing of dirty fomites and handwashing with soap was assessed by 5-hour structured observation at the 6-month follow-up. Caregivers who agreed that their child could become sick if they put dirt in their mouth (perceived susceptibility) and caregivers that agreed they could prevent their child from playing with dirty things outside (self-efficacy) were significantly more likely to stop their child from mouthing a dirty fomite. Higher perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and disgust, and lower dirty reactivity, were associated with higher handwashing with soap behaviors. This study took a theory-driven and evidence-based approach to identify psychosocial factors to target for intervention development. The findings from this study informed the development of the REDUCE Baby WASH Modules that have been delivered to over 1 million people in eastern DRC.
AB - Diarrheal disease remains a leading cause of child mortality, globally. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), each year there are an estimated 45 million episodes of diarrhea in children under five years of age. The Reducing Enteropathy, Diarrhea, Undernutrition, and Contamination in the Environment (REDUCE) program seeks to develop theory-driven, evidence-based approaches to reduce diarrheal diseases among young children. The REDUCE prospective cohort study in Walungu Territory in Eastern DRC took guidance from the risks, attitudes, norms, abilities, and self-regulation model, the integrated behavioral model for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and other behavior change theories to identify psychosocial factors associated with WASH behaviors. Psychosocial factors were measured among 417 caregivers at baseline and caregiver responses to child mouthing of dirty fomites and handwashing with soap was assessed by 5-hour structured observation at the 6-month follow-up. Caregivers who agreed that their child could become sick if they put dirt in their mouth (perceived susceptibility) and caregivers that agreed they could prevent their child from playing with dirty things outside (self-efficacy) were significantly more likely to stop their child from mouthing a dirty fomite. Higher perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and disgust, and lower dirty reactivity, were associated with higher handwashing with soap behaviors. This study took a theory-driven and evidence-based approach to identify psychosocial factors to target for intervention development. The findings from this study informed the development of the REDUCE Baby WASH Modules that have been delivered to over 1 million people in eastern DRC.
KW - And hygiene
KW - Democratic Republic of the Congo
KW - Formative research
KW - Psychosocial factors
KW - Rural
KW - Sanitation
KW - Water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121402052&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85121402052&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113850
DO - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113850
M3 - Article
C2 - 34673353
AN - SCOPUS:85121402052
SN - 1438-4639
VL - 238
JO - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
JF - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
M1 - 113850
ER -