TY - JOUR
T1 - Hurdles to herd immunity
T2 - Distrust of government and vaccine refusal in the US, 2002–2003
AU - Lee, Charlotte
AU - Whetten, Kathryn
AU - Omer, Saad
AU - Pan, William
AU - Salmon, Daniel
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Salmon reports receiving grant funding from Crucell, Pfizer, and Merck and personal fees from Parents of Kids with Infectious Diseases. No other conflict of interest disclosures are reported.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/7/25
Y1 - 2016/7/25
N2 - High rates of nonmedical exemptions (NMEs) from required childhood vaccinations have contributed to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles and pertussis. Understanding the parental decision to obtain an NME could help health professionals and public health programs improve vaccination rates in areas with high vaccine refusal. Using a 2002–2003 multi-state survey of parents of school age children (n = 2445), this study found that parental distrust of the government and of healthcare providers is a significant factor related to a number of vaccine-related beliefs and behaviors. The odds that parents who distrust the government have seen a complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) provider were 2.11 times greater than those of parents who trust the government (70.1% vs 52.6%; OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.59–2.84; P < 0.01). Parents who distrust the government had increased odds of trusting vaccine information from CAM providers compared to trusting parents (57.9% vs 46.3%; OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16–2.01; P < 0.01). Parents who distrust the government also had increased odds of distrusting vaccine information acquired at their healthcare providers’ offices (12.6% vs 4.7%; OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.64–4.24; P < 0.01). Distrustful parents had increased odds of thinking government sources of information about vaccines were unreliable, categorizing the CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or local and state health departments as poor or very poor sources (distrust government vs trust government: 25.2% vs 11.7%; OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.70–3.36; P < 0.01; distrust healthcare providers vs trust healthcare providers: 24.4% vs 11.4%; OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.75–3.38; P < 0.01). These findings indicate that distrustful parent populations may need to be reached through modalities outside of traditional government and healthcare provider communications. Research into new and more effective techniques for delivering pro-vaccine messages is warranted.
AB - High rates of nonmedical exemptions (NMEs) from required childhood vaccinations have contributed to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles and pertussis. Understanding the parental decision to obtain an NME could help health professionals and public health programs improve vaccination rates in areas with high vaccine refusal. Using a 2002–2003 multi-state survey of parents of school age children (n = 2445), this study found that parental distrust of the government and of healthcare providers is a significant factor related to a number of vaccine-related beliefs and behaviors. The odds that parents who distrust the government have seen a complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) provider were 2.11 times greater than those of parents who trust the government (70.1% vs 52.6%; OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.59–2.84; P < 0.01). Parents who distrust the government had increased odds of trusting vaccine information from CAM providers compared to trusting parents (57.9% vs 46.3%; OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16–2.01; P < 0.01). Parents who distrust the government also had increased odds of distrusting vaccine information acquired at their healthcare providers’ offices (12.6% vs 4.7%; OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.64–4.24; P < 0.01). Distrustful parents had increased odds of thinking government sources of information about vaccines were unreliable, categorizing the CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or local and state health departments as poor or very poor sources (distrust government vs trust government: 25.2% vs 11.7%; OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.70–3.36; P < 0.01; distrust healthcare providers vs trust healthcare providers: 24.4% vs 11.4%; OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.75–3.38; P < 0.01). These findings indicate that distrustful parent populations may need to be reached through modalities outside of traditional government and healthcare provider communications. Research into new and more effective techniques for delivering pro-vaccine messages is warranted.
KW - Anti-vaccine
KW - Distrust
KW - Government
KW - Healthcare provider
KW - Immunization
KW - Vaccine refusal
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84979247998&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84979247998&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.048
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.048
M3 - Article
C2 - 27344291
AN - SCOPUS:84979247998
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 34
SP - 3972
EP - 3978
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 34
ER -