Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects the nervous system in the majority of patients, causing a variety of neurological syndromes throughout the course of the disease. This review focuses on the effects of HIV in the central nervous system, with an emphasis on HIV-associated dementia. HIV- associated dementia occurs in a subset of patients with AIDS; it is unclear why these patients and not all patients develop the disease. Several factors are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia, including neurotoxins released from the virus and/or infected macrophages and microglia, immunologic dysregulation of macrophage function, and specific genetic strains of HIV. These factors, and their possible interactions, are discussed.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1-26 |
Number of pages | 26 |
Journal | Annual review of neuroscience |
Volume | 19 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1996 |
Keywords
- AIDS
- dementia
- neurology
- neuropathology
- neurotoxicity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Neuroscience