Abstract
SETTING: Over 20% of tuberculosis (TB) cases during pregnancy occur in India. O B JE C T IVE : To determine the association between household food insecurity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in pregnancy. DESIGN: Pregnant women in India were administered the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire and underwent an IFN-γ release assay. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with food insecurity. RESULT S : Of 538 women, 60 (11%) had household food insecurity, 47 (78%) of which were moderate or severe food insecure. After mitogen stimulation, moderate or severe food insecure women had a median IFN-γ concentration of 4.2 IU/ml (IQR 2.2-9.8) vs. 8.4 IU/ml (IQR 3.0-10) in women with no or mild food insecurity (P = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, higher IFN-γ concentrations were associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection (OR 1.3, 95%CI 0.51-2.1, P = 0.001), and inversely associated with moderate or severe food insecurity (OR -1.6, 95%CI -2.9 to -0.27, P = 0.02) and the number of adults in the household (OR -0.08, 95%CI-0.16 to-0.01, P=0.03). There was no association between food insecurity and IFN-γ response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen. CONCLUS ION: Food insecurity in pregnancy is associated with low IFN-γ levels. There was no association between food insecurity and IFN-γ response to M. tuberculosis antigen, but our study was underpowered to detect this outcome.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 797-803 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 1 2017 |
Keywords
- Interferon-gamma
- Mitogen
- Qgit
- Tb antigen
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
- Infectious Diseases