TY - JOUR
T1 - Hospitalizations and deaths from diarrhea and rotavirus among children <5 years of age in the United States, 1993-2003
AU - Fischer, Thea Kølsen
AU - Viboud, Cécile
AU - Parashar, Umesh
AU - Malek, Mark
AU - Steiner, Claudia
AU - Glass, Roger
AU - Simonsen, Lone
N1 - Funding Information:
1Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, and 2Epidemiology Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; 3Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; 4Fogarty International Center and 5National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and 6Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, Bethesda, Maryland
Funding Information:
Data source. From the HCUP, we analyzed data from SID for 17 states for an 11-year period (1993–2003). The HCUP is a family of health care databases and related software tools and products developed through a federal-state-industry partnership and sponsored by the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ). HCUP databases bring together the data-collection efforts of state data organizations, hospital associations, private data organizations, and the federal government to create a national information resource of patient-level health care data [13, 18]. Seventeen states had complete hospital discharge data for the full study period: Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Washington, and Wisconsin. In 1998, these states had a combined annual birth cohort of 1,971,516 infants, which was ∼50% of the US birth cohort [19, 20].
PY - 2007/4/15
Y1 - 2007/4/15
N2 - Recently a new rotavirus vaccine was licensed in the United States and recommended for universal immunization of American children. The impact of the vaccine on a decrease in hospitalizations will take several years to assess and will be based on the availability of good baseline data on the disease. We used the largest US hospital discharge database available, the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), to study national rates, trends, and risk factors for diarrhea- and rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and deaths among children <5 years of age, to establish a baseline against which vaccine implementation can be measured. Rotavirus remained the most important cause of pediatric diarrhea throughout the study period (1993-2003). When the data were extrapolated to the US population, rotavirus was estimated to be the cause of ∼60,000 hospitalizations and 37 deaths annually. Black infants had a significantly higher risk of being hospitalized with and dying from rotavirus disease early in life, compared with white infants (risk ratio [RR] for hospitalization by 12 months of age was 2.4, with a 95% confidence interval [CI] of 1.2-4.7; RR for death was 2.0, with a 95% CI of 1.7-2.5). Such racial differences in age and risk of rotavirus-associated hospitalization and death highlight the importance of timely and early rotavirus immunization of minority children. The HCUP database serves as a sensitive and robust data source for monitoring the impact of a rotavirus-immunization program in the United States.
AB - Recently a new rotavirus vaccine was licensed in the United States and recommended for universal immunization of American children. The impact of the vaccine on a decrease in hospitalizations will take several years to assess and will be based on the availability of good baseline data on the disease. We used the largest US hospital discharge database available, the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), to study national rates, trends, and risk factors for diarrhea- and rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and deaths among children <5 years of age, to establish a baseline against which vaccine implementation can be measured. Rotavirus remained the most important cause of pediatric diarrhea throughout the study period (1993-2003). When the data were extrapolated to the US population, rotavirus was estimated to be the cause of ∼60,000 hospitalizations and 37 deaths annually. Black infants had a significantly higher risk of being hospitalized with and dying from rotavirus disease early in life, compared with white infants (risk ratio [RR] for hospitalization by 12 months of age was 2.4, with a 95% confidence interval [CI] of 1.2-4.7; RR for death was 2.0, with a 95% CI of 1.7-2.5). Such racial differences in age and risk of rotavirus-associated hospitalization and death highlight the importance of timely and early rotavirus immunization of minority children. The HCUP database serves as a sensitive and robust data source for monitoring the impact of a rotavirus-immunization program in the United States.
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U2 - 10.1086/512863
DO - 10.1086/512863
M3 - Article
C2 - 17357047
AN - SCOPUS:34047231649
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 195
SP - 1117
EP - 1125
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 8
ER -