TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV, Sexual Orientation, and Gut Microbiome Interactions
AU - Tuddenham, Susan
AU - Koay, Wei Li
AU - Sears, Cynthia
N1 - Funding Information:
ST is supported by NIH grant K23-AI125715 (PI: Tuddenham). CLS is supported, in part, by funds of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Department of Medicine. ST and CLS’ work on HIV and gut microbiome has been supported by a Willowcroft Foundation grant (to ST) and two developmental Grants (to ST and to CLS) from the Johns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research (JHU-CFAR), an NIH-funded program (P30AI094189). WK’s work on HIV and gut microbiome is supported by developmental grants from the Clinical Translational Science Institution at Children’s National (CTSI-CN) and the District of Columbia CFAR (DC CFAR), an NIH-funded program (AI117970). Both JHU-CFAR and DC CFAR are supported by the following NIH Co-Funding and Participating Institutes and Centers: NIAID, NCI, NICHD, NHLBI, NIDA, NIMH, NIA, FIC, NIGMS, NIDDK, and OAR. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Recent studies have raised interest in the possibility that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome (i.e., the communities of bacteria residing in the intestine) in HIV-infected patients could contribute to chronic immune activation, and, thus, to elevated mortality and increased risk of inflammation-related clinical diseases (e.g., stroke, cardiovascular disease, cancer, long-bone fractures, and renal dysfunction) found even in those on effective antiretroviral therapy. Yet, to date, a consistent pattern of HIV-associated dysbiosis has not been identified. What is becoming clear, however, is that status as a man who has sex with men (MSM) may profoundly impact the structure of the gut microbiota, and that this factor likely confounded many HIV-related intestinal microbiome studies. However, what factor associated with MSM status drives these gut microbiota-related changes is unclear, and what impact, if any, these changes may have on the health of MSM is unknown. In this review, we outline available data on changes in the structure of the gut microbiome in HIV, based on studies that controlled for MSM status. We then examine what is known regarding the gut microbiota in MSM, and consider possible implications for research and the health of this population. Lastly, we discuss knowledge gaps and needed future studies.
AB - Recent studies have raised interest in the possibility that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome (i.e., the communities of bacteria residing in the intestine) in HIV-infected patients could contribute to chronic immune activation, and, thus, to elevated mortality and increased risk of inflammation-related clinical diseases (e.g., stroke, cardiovascular disease, cancer, long-bone fractures, and renal dysfunction) found even in those on effective antiretroviral therapy. Yet, to date, a consistent pattern of HIV-associated dysbiosis has not been identified. What is becoming clear, however, is that status as a man who has sex with men (MSM) may profoundly impact the structure of the gut microbiota, and that this factor likely confounded many HIV-related intestinal microbiome studies. However, what factor associated with MSM status drives these gut microbiota-related changes is unclear, and what impact, if any, these changes may have on the health of MSM is unknown. In this review, we outline available data on changes in the structure of the gut microbiome in HIV, based on studies that controlled for MSM status. We then examine what is known regarding the gut microbiota in MSM, and consider possible implications for research and the health of this population. Lastly, we discuss knowledge gaps and needed future studies.
KW - Gut microbiome
KW - Gut microbiota
KW - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW - Intestinal microbiome
KW - Men who have sex with men
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U2 - 10.1007/s10620-020-06110-y
DO - 10.1007/s10620-020-06110-y
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32030625
AN - SCOPUS:85079128070
VL - 65
SP - 800
EP - 817
JO - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
JF - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
SN - 0163-2116
IS - 3
ER -