TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV in people reincarcerated in Connecticut prisons and jails
T2 - An observational cohort study
AU - Meyer, Jaimie P.
AU - Cepeda, Javier
AU - Springer, Sandra A.
AU - Wu, Johnny
AU - Trestman, Robert L.
AU - Altice, Frederick L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this research was provided through a Bristol-Myers Squibb Virology Fellows Award and a Patterson Trust Award (to JPM) and career development grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse ( K23 DA033858 for JPM, F31 DA035709 for JC, K02 DA032322 for SAS, and K24 DA017072 for FLA ). This project was done in collaboration with the Connecticut Department of Correction and University of Connecticut Correctional Managed Health Care. We thank Edward Pesanti, Mary Lansing, Colleen Gallagher, Bob Cosgrove, and PeiTi Lee for their assistance with data collection, and Lesley Park and Russell Barbour for their guidance with data analysis; no compensation was received for these contributions.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background: Reincarceration in prison or jail correlates with non-sustained HIV viral suppression, but HIV treatment outcomes in released prisoners who are reincarcerated have not recently been systematically assessed despite advances in antiretroviral treatment (ART) potency, simplicity, and tolerability. Methods: In a retrospective cohort of reincarcerated inmates with HIV in Connecticut (2005-12), we used longitudinally linked demographic, pharmacy, and laboratory databases to examine correlates of viral suppression. The primary outcome was viral suppression on reincarceration, defined as viral load lower than 400 RNA copies per mL. Findings: Of 497 prisoners and jail detainees with HIV, with 934 reincarcerations, individuals were mostly unmarried, uninsured, and black men prescribed a protease-inhibitor-based ART regimen. During the median 329 days (IQR 179-621) between prison release and reincarceration, the proportion of incarceration periods with viral suppression decreased significantly from 52% to 31% (mean HIV-RNA increased by 0·4 log10; p<0·0001), lower than Connecticut's HIV-infected prison population and those prescribed ART nationally. 158 (51%) of 307 individuals with viral suppression on release had viral suppression on reincarceration. Viral suppression on reincarceration was associated with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1·04, 95% CI 1·01-1·07), being prescribed non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens (1·63, 1·14-2·34), and having higher levels of medical or psychiatric comorbidity (1·16, 1·03-1·30). Interpretation: Identification of individuals most at risk for recidivism and loss of viral suppression might mitigate the risk that repeated reincarceration poses to systems of public health and safety. Funding Bristol-Myers Squibb Virology, Patterson Trust, and National Institute on Drug Abuse.
AB - Background: Reincarceration in prison or jail correlates with non-sustained HIV viral suppression, but HIV treatment outcomes in released prisoners who are reincarcerated have not recently been systematically assessed despite advances in antiretroviral treatment (ART) potency, simplicity, and tolerability. Methods: In a retrospective cohort of reincarcerated inmates with HIV in Connecticut (2005-12), we used longitudinally linked demographic, pharmacy, and laboratory databases to examine correlates of viral suppression. The primary outcome was viral suppression on reincarceration, defined as viral load lower than 400 RNA copies per mL. Findings: Of 497 prisoners and jail detainees with HIV, with 934 reincarcerations, individuals were mostly unmarried, uninsured, and black men prescribed a protease-inhibitor-based ART regimen. During the median 329 days (IQR 179-621) between prison release and reincarceration, the proportion of incarceration periods with viral suppression decreased significantly from 52% to 31% (mean HIV-RNA increased by 0·4 log10; p<0·0001), lower than Connecticut's HIV-infected prison population and those prescribed ART nationally. 158 (51%) of 307 individuals with viral suppression on release had viral suppression on reincarceration. Viral suppression on reincarceration was associated with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1·04, 95% CI 1·01-1·07), being prescribed non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens (1·63, 1·14-2·34), and having higher levels of medical or psychiatric comorbidity (1·16, 1·03-1·30). Interpretation: Identification of individuals most at risk for recidivism and loss of viral suppression might mitigate the risk that repeated reincarceration poses to systems of public health and safety. Funding Bristol-Myers Squibb Virology, Patterson Trust, and National Institute on Drug Abuse.
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U2 - 10.1016/S2352-3018(14)70022-0
DO - 10.1016/S2352-3018(14)70022-0
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84921980634
SN - 2352-3018
VL - 1
SP - e77-e84
JO - The Lancet HIV
JF - The Lancet HIV
IS - 2
ER -