TY - JOUR
T1 - Highly targeted spatiotemporal interventions against cholera epidemics, 2000–19
T2 - a scoping review
AU - Ratnayake, Ruwan
AU - Finger, Flavio
AU - Azman, Andrew S.
AU - Lantagne, Daniele
AU - Funk, Sebastian
AU - Edmunds, W. John
AU - Checchi, Francesco
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the cholera specialists who shared reports on CATI and Nicholas Thomson (Wellcome Sanger Institute) and Stefan Flasche (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) for helpful discussions. This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. RR is funded by a Doctoral Foreign Study Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (award number DFS-164266). SF is funded by a Wellcome Senior Research Fellowship (award number 210758/Z/18/Z). FC and WJE are funded by UK Research and Innovation as part of the Global Challenges Research Fund (grant number ES/P010873/1). ASA is funded by grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-002667) and the US National Institutes of Health (R01 AI135115).
Funding Information:
We thank the cholera specialists who shared reports on CATI and Nicholas Thomson (Wellcome Sanger Institute) and Stefan Flasche (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) for helpful discussions. This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. RR is funded by a Doctoral Foreign Study Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (award number DFS-164266). SF is funded by a Wellcome Senior Research Fellowship (award number 210758/Z/18/Z). FC and WJE are funded by UK Research and Innovation as part of the Global Challenges Research Fund (grant number ES/P010873/1). ASA is funded by grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-002667) and the US National Institutes of Health (R01 AI135115).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Globally, cholera epidemics continue to challenge disease control. Although mass campaigns covering large populations are commonly used to control cholera, spatial targeting of case households and their radius is emerging as a potentially efficient strategy. We did a Scoping Review to investigate the effectiveness of interventions delivered through case-area targeted intervention, its optimal spatiotemporal scale, and its effectiveness in reducing transmission. 53 articles were retrieved. We found that antibiotic chemoprophylaxis, point-of-use water treatment, and hygiene promotion can rapidly reduce household transmission, and single-dose vaccination can extend the duration of protection within the radius of households. Evidence supports a high-risk spatiotemporal zone of 100 m around case households, for 7 days. Two evaluations separately showed reductions in household transmission when targeting case households, and in size and duration of case clusters when targeting radii. Although case-area targeted intervention shows promise for outbreak control, it is critically dependent on early detection capacity and requires prospective evaluation of intervention packages.
AB - Globally, cholera epidemics continue to challenge disease control. Although mass campaigns covering large populations are commonly used to control cholera, spatial targeting of case households and their radius is emerging as a potentially efficient strategy. We did a Scoping Review to investigate the effectiveness of interventions delivered through case-area targeted intervention, its optimal spatiotemporal scale, and its effectiveness in reducing transmission. 53 articles were retrieved. We found that antibiotic chemoprophylaxis, point-of-use water treatment, and hygiene promotion can rapidly reduce household transmission, and single-dose vaccination can extend the duration of protection within the radius of households. Evidence supports a high-risk spatiotemporal zone of 100 m around case households, for 7 days. Two evaluations separately showed reductions in household transmission when targeting case households, and in size and duration of case clusters when targeting radii. Although case-area targeted intervention shows promise for outbreak control, it is critically dependent on early detection capacity and requires prospective evaluation of intervention packages.
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U2 - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30479-5
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30479-5
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33096017
AN - SCOPUS:85095417711
VL - 21
SP - e37-e48
JO - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
JF - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
SN - 1473-3099
IS - 3
ER -