TY - JOUR
T1 - High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among patients with chronic hepatitis B Virus infection and HIV-1 in an intermediate hepatitis B virus endemic region
AU - Saravanan, Shanmugam
AU - Madhavan, Vidya
AU - Velu, Vijayakumar
AU - Murugavel, Kailapuri G.
AU - Waldrop, Greer
AU - Solomon, Sunil S.
AU - Balakrishnan, Pachamuthu
AU - Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran
AU - Smith, Davey M.
AU - Mayer, Kenneth H.
AU - Solomon, Suniti
AU - Thyagarajan, Sadras P.
N1 - Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The study was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, New Delhi under the grant-in-aid program for the ‘Referral Centre for Chronic Hepatitis Serology and Molecular Virology’.
PY - 2014/1
Y1 - 2014/1
N2 - We conducted a study to investigate HIV and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the triple infection's (HIV/HBV/HDV) clinical implications in India, an intermediate HBV endemic region, with an estimated HIV-positive population of 2.5 million. A total of 450 patients (men: 270; women: 180) with chronic HBV infections and 135 healthy volunteers were screened for HIV and HDV. The incidence of the triple infection was low (4 [0.8%]) compared with dual infections of HIV-1/HBV (7 [1.5%]) and HBV/HDV (22[4.8%]). Among 21- to 40-year-olds, HBV/HDV coinfection (45.8%) and HBV/HDV/HIV-1 triple infection was predominant (75%). Among 11 patients coinfected with HIV-1/HBV, 4 (36%) were tri-infected and were also associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The HDV coinfection was higher among patients coinfected with HBV/HIV-1, despite the declining trend in HDV infection among HIV-negative patients, as previously reported. Thus, it is important to assess the impact of HIV, chronic HBV, and HDV tri-infection in India.
AB - We conducted a study to investigate HIV and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the triple infection's (HIV/HBV/HDV) clinical implications in India, an intermediate HBV endemic region, with an estimated HIV-positive population of 2.5 million. A total of 450 patients (men: 270; women: 180) with chronic HBV infections and 135 healthy volunteers were screened for HIV and HDV. The incidence of the triple infection was low (4 [0.8%]) compared with dual infections of HIV-1/HBV (7 [1.5%]) and HBV/HDV (22[4.8%]). Among 21- to 40-year-olds, HBV/HDV coinfection (45.8%) and HBV/HDV/HIV-1 triple infection was predominant (75%). Among 11 patients coinfected with HIV-1/HBV, 4 (36%) were tri-infected and were also associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The HDV coinfection was higher among patients coinfected with HBV/HIV-1, despite the declining trend in HDV infection among HIV-negative patients, as previously reported. Thus, it is important to assess the impact of HIV, chronic HBV, and HDV tri-infection in India.
KW - coinfection in India
KW - hepatitis B virus (HBV)
KW - hepatitis delta virus (HDV)
KW - human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84893132565&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84893132565&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/2325957413488166
DO - 10.1177/2325957413488166
M3 - Article
C2 - 23722085
AN - SCOPUS:84893132565
SN - 2325-9574
VL - 13
SP - 85
EP - 90
JO - Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
JF - Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
IS - 1
ER -