TY - JOUR
T1 - Hepatitis B vaccine administered to children and adolescents at yearly intervals
AU - Halsey, Neal A.
AU - Moulton, Lawrence H.
AU - O'Donovan, J. Crossan
AU - Walcher, J. Ronald
AU - Thoms, Mary Lou
AU - Margolis, Harold S.
AU - Krause, David S.
PY - 1999/6
Y1 - 1999/6
N2 - Objective. Hepatitis B vaccines are usually administered on a schedule of 0, 1 to 2, and 6 months. Longer intervals between the second and third doses have been studied, but the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine administered at intervals of > 2 months between the first and second doses have not been studied. Our objective was to compare the antibody response in recipients of Engerix-B hepatitis B vaccine administered at 12-month intervals to the response to vaccine administered at 0-, 1-, and 6-month intervals. Methods. A total of 389 children, 5 through 16 years of age, were randomized to receive Engerix-B (10 mg) at a schedule of either 0-, 1-, and 6-month intervals or 0-, 12-, and 24-month intervals. Blood was drawn before and 1 month after the third dose. Results. Immediately before the third dose of vaccine, 92.3% of children who received vaccine on the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule and 88.8% of children who received the 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule had antibody to hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) antigen concentrations ≥ 10 mIU/mL. Of the children in the 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule, 95% received the third dose according to protocol versus 90% of those in the 0-, 12-, 24-month schedule. The geometric mean anti-HBs concentration just before the third dose for recipients of the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule (117.9 mIU/mL) was somewhat lower than that for the children who had received vaccine on the 0-, 12, and 24-month schedule (162.1 mIU/mL). One month after the third dose, > 98% of all children had anti-HBs concentrations ≥ 10 mIU/mL and high geometric mean antibody concentrations were observed in both group: 5687 mIU/mL for children on the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule and 3159 mIU/mL for children on the 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule. Body mass index was correlated inversely with final antibody concentration, but age was not a factor after adjustment for body mass index. Discussion. Engerix-B administered on a 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule is highly immunogenic. Providers should consider this alternate immunization schedule for children who are at low risk of immediate exposure to hepatitis B infections.
AB - Objective. Hepatitis B vaccines are usually administered on a schedule of 0, 1 to 2, and 6 months. Longer intervals between the second and third doses have been studied, but the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine administered at intervals of > 2 months between the first and second doses have not been studied. Our objective was to compare the antibody response in recipients of Engerix-B hepatitis B vaccine administered at 12-month intervals to the response to vaccine administered at 0-, 1-, and 6-month intervals. Methods. A total of 389 children, 5 through 16 years of age, were randomized to receive Engerix-B (10 mg) at a schedule of either 0-, 1-, and 6-month intervals or 0-, 12-, and 24-month intervals. Blood was drawn before and 1 month after the third dose. Results. Immediately before the third dose of vaccine, 92.3% of children who received vaccine on the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule and 88.8% of children who received the 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule had antibody to hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) antigen concentrations ≥ 10 mIU/mL. Of the children in the 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule, 95% received the third dose according to protocol versus 90% of those in the 0-, 12-, 24-month schedule. The geometric mean anti-HBs concentration just before the third dose for recipients of the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule (117.9 mIU/mL) was somewhat lower than that for the children who had received vaccine on the 0-, 12, and 24-month schedule (162.1 mIU/mL). One month after the third dose, > 98% of all children had anti-HBs concentrations ≥ 10 mIU/mL and high geometric mean antibody concentrations were observed in both group: 5687 mIU/mL for children on the 0-, 1-, and 6- month schedule and 3159 mIU/mL for children on the 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule. Body mass index was correlated inversely with final antibody concentration, but age was not a factor after adjustment for body mass index. Discussion. Engerix-B administered on a 0-, 12-, and 24-month schedule is highly immunogenic. Providers should consider this alternate immunization schedule for children who are at low risk of immediate exposure to hepatitis B infections.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Antigen
KW - Dose
KW - Hepatitis B
KW - Hepatitis B vaccine
KW - Immunization
KW - Schedule
KW - Vaccine
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U2 - 10.1542/peds.103.6.1243
DO - 10.1542/peds.103.6.1243
M3 - Article
C2 - 10353936
AN - SCOPUS:0033038666
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 103
SP - 1243
EP - 1247
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 6 I
ER -