Grade II Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease and Higher Nucleated Cell Graft Dose Improve Progression-Free Survival after HLA-Haploidentical Transplant with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide

Shannon R. McCurdy, Christopher G. Kanakry, Hua Ling Tsai, Yvette L. Kasamon, Margaret M. Showel, Javier Bolaños-Meade, Carol Ann Huff, Ivan Borrello, William H. Matsui, Robert A. Brodsky, Richard F. Ambinder, Maria P. Bettinotti, Ephraim J. Fuchs, Gary L. Rosner, Richard J. Jones, Leo Luznik

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Compared with standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis platforms, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) after T cell–replete HLA-haploidentical (haplo) bone marrow transplantation (BMT) reduces the risk of grades III to IV acute (a) and chronic (c) GVHD, but maintains similar rates of grade II aGVHD. Given that mild GVHD has been associated with reduced treatment failure in HLA-matched BMT, we evaluated the risk factors for and effects of GVHD on survival in 340 adults with hematologic malignancies who engrafted after nonmyeloablative haplo-BMT with PTCy, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus. The cumulative incidence at 100 days of grade II and grades III to IV aGVHD were 30% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25% to 35%) and 2% (95% CI, 1% to 4%), respectively. The 1-year cumulative incidence of cGVHD was 10% (95% CI, 7% to 13%). In landmark analyses at 100 days, the 4-year probabilities of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were, 48% (95% CI, 41% to 56%) and 39% (95% CI, 32% to 47%) for patients without grades II to IV aGVHD, compared with 63% (95% CI, 53% to 73%) and 59% (95% CI, 50% to 71%) for patients with grade II aGVHD (P =.05 and P =.009). In multivariable modeling, when compared with patients who never experienced GVHD, the hazard ratio (HR) for OS and PFS in patients with grade II aGVHD was.78 (95% CI,.54 to 1.13; P =.19) and.69 (95% CI,.48 to.98; P =.04). Higher nucleated cell graft dose was also associated with improved OS (HR,.88; 95% CI,.78 to 1.00; P =.05) and PFS (HR,.89; 95% CI,.79 to 1.0; P =.05) and decreased risk of grades III to IV aGVHD (subdistribution HR,.66; 95% CI,.46 to.96; P =.03). PTCy reduces grades III to IV aGVHD and cGVHD, but retains similar incidence of grade II aGVHD, the development of which improves PFS. Higher nucleated cell graft dose goals may also improve survival after nonmyeloablative haplo-BMT with PTCy.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)343-352
Number of pages10
JournalBiology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Volume24
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2018

Keywords

  • Bone marrow transplantation
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Graft dose
  • Graft-versus-host disease
  • HLA-haploidentical

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hematology
  • Transplantation

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Grade II Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease and Higher Nucleated Cell Graft Dose Improve Progression-Free Survival after HLA-Haploidentical Transplant with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this