TY - JOUR
T1 - Global Vaccine Action Plan lessons learned III
T2 - Monitoring and evaluation/accountability framework
AU - Cherian, Thomas
AU - Hwang, Angela
AU - Mantel, Carsten
AU - Veira, Chantal
AU - Malvolti, Stefano
AU - MacDonald, Noni
AU - Steffen, Christoph
AU - Jones, Ian
AU - Hinman, Alan
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the World Health Organization [grant number OPP1128274].
Funding Information:
We thank the SAGE DoV Working Group and all interview and survey respondents for sharing their time and insights, and for their enthusiasm for immunization. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the World Health Organization [grant number OPP1128274]. Declaration of Competing Interest: Thomas Cherian assisted the DoV Collaboration Delivery Working Group and served on the DoV M&E/A Secretariat from 2012 to 2017 as an employee of WHO. Alan Hinman served on the SAGE DoV WG from 2013 to 2015 as an independent expert. Angela Hwang served on the DoV M&E/A secretariat from 2013 to 2016 as an employee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Carsten Mantel assisted the DoV Collaboration Delivery Working Group as an employee of WHO. All authors attest they meet the ICMJE criteria for authorship. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020
PY - 2020/7/14
Y1 - 2020/7/14
N2 - Introduction: The Monitoring & Evaluation/Accountability (M&E/A) framework of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) was used to report progress annually to the World Health Assembly (WHA). Methods: Stakeholder feedback was obtained through five reviews consisting of surveys and semi-structured interviews conducted from 2017 to 2019. Participants consisted of individuals involved in the development and implementation of GVAP or its M&E/A process, national immunization managers, academics, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and civil society organizations. Results: The feedback was mixed and contradictory for some components, though most participants reported that the M&E/A process was a highlight of GVAP and a step in the right direction. Several of the goals and targets were considered aspirational and unrealistic for many countries. There were mixed responses on whether it promoted accountability, especially at the country level. Discussion: The mixed and contradictory views on the M&E/A processes and its impact suggested a failure of communication about its scope and intent. Though the process, especially the annual reporting to the WHA, kept immunization high on the global agenda, it failed to fully meet the expectations in promoting accountability. Engaging with countries to capture the local context in setting global goals and targets and promoting local M&E/A processes will be important to achieve accountability in the next decade.
AB - Introduction: The Monitoring & Evaluation/Accountability (M&E/A) framework of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) was used to report progress annually to the World Health Assembly (WHA). Methods: Stakeholder feedback was obtained through five reviews consisting of surveys and semi-structured interviews conducted from 2017 to 2019. Participants consisted of individuals involved in the development and implementation of GVAP or its M&E/A process, national immunization managers, academics, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and civil society organizations. Results: The feedback was mixed and contradictory for some components, though most participants reported that the M&E/A process was a highlight of GVAP and a step in the right direction. Several of the goals and targets were considered aspirational and unrealistic for many countries. There were mixed responses on whether it promoted accountability, especially at the country level. Discussion: The mixed and contradictory views on the M&E/A processes and its impact suggested a failure of communication about its scope and intent. Though the process, especially the annual reporting to the WHA, kept immunization high on the global agenda, it failed to fully meet the expectations in promoting accountability. Engaging with countries to capture the local context in setting global goals and targets and promoting local M&E/A processes will be important to achieve accountability in the next decade.
KW - Global Vaccine Action Plan
KW - Immunization
KW - Monitoring and evaluation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.028
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.028
M3 - Article
C2 - 32430149
AN - SCOPUS:85084733841
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 38
SP - 5379
EP - 5383
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 33
ER -