TY - JOUR
T1 - Global Vaccine Action Plan Lessons Learned II
T2 - Stakeholder Perspectives
AU - Hwang, Angela
AU - Veira, Chantal
AU - Malvolti, Stefano
AU - Cherian, Thomas
AU - MacDonald, Noni
AU - Steffen, Christoph
AU - Jones, Ian
AU - Hinman, Alan
AU - Mantel, Carsten
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to WHO [grant number OPP1128274 ].
Funding Information:
We thank Michael Deml, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Dept. Epidemiology & Public Health, for assistance with thematic analysis and Patrick Lydon, WHO Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals for information on Survey 2. Additionally, we thank the SAGE DoV Working Group and all interview and survey respondents for sharing their time and insights, and for their enthusiasm for immunization. This work was supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to WHO [grant number OPP1128274].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s)
PY - 2020/7/14
Y1 - 2020/7/14
N2 - Introduction: The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), unanimously endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, defined an ambitious strategy to improve immunization. At the end of the decade, significant progress has been made but four of the five GVAP goals are likely to be missed. This report describes a set of surveys and interviews relating to GVAP, conducted to inform the immunization strategy for the next decade. Methods: Three surveys and two sets of semi-structured interviews were conducted from 2017 to 2019. Respondents consisted of immunization stakeholders at global, regional, and country levels, and included individuals who had been involved in the development and implementation of GVAP or its monitoring, evaluation and accountability (M&E/A) process; national immunization managers; academics; and personnel from non-governmental organizations and civil society organizations. Results: The surveys and interviews gave consistent results. They highlighted the value of GVAP in increasing visibility for immunization and the benefits of the GVAP M&E/A framework. The main limitations of GVAP were identified as the limited ownership by countries and other stakeholders leading to incomplete implementation of the strategy and poor accountability for achieving GVAP targets. Discussion: These results informed the review of GVAP and the development of its successor strategy, the Immunization Agenda 2030. In addition, these surveys and interviews identified two challenges in assessing the value of GVAP: the need to rely exclusively on stakeholder perspectives and difficulties in attributing benefits. These challenges are inherent in evaluating an over-arching strategy such as GVAP and should be factored into interpretation of the results.
AB - Introduction: The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), unanimously endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, defined an ambitious strategy to improve immunization. At the end of the decade, significant progress has been made but four of the five GVAP goals are likely to be missed. This report describes a set of surveys and interviews relating to GVAP, conducted to inform the immunization strategy for the next decade. Methods: Three surveys and two sets of semi-structured interviews were conducted from 2017 to 2019. Respondents consisted of immunization stakeholders at global, regional, and country levels, and included individuals who had been involved in the development and implementation of GVAP or its monitoring, evaluation and accountability (M&E/A) process; national immunization managers; academics; and personnel from non-governmental organizations and civil society organizations. Results: The surveys and interviews gave consistent results. They highlighted the value of GVAP in increasing visibility for immunization and the benefits of the GVAP M&E/A framework. The main limitations of GVAP were identified as the limited ownership by countries and other stakeholders leading to incomplete implementation of the strategy and poor accountability for achieving GVAP targets. Discussion: These results informed the review of GVAP and the development of its successor strategy, the Immunization Agenda 2030. In addition, these surveys and interviews identified two challenges in assessing the value of GVAP: the need to rely exclusively on stakeholder perspectives and difficulties in attributing benefits. These challenges are inherent in evaluating an over-arching strategy such as GVAP and should be factored into interpretation of the results.
KW - Evaluation
KW - GVAP
KW - Global Vaccine Action Plan
KW - IA2030
KW - Immunization Agenda 2030
KW - Immunization strategy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.048
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.048
M3 - Article
C2 - 32505440
AN - SCOPUS:85085770111
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 38
SP - 5372
EP - 5378
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 33
ER -