TY - JOUR
T1 - Global surveillance of emerging influenza virus genotypes by mass spectrometry
AU - Sampath, Rangarajan
AU - Russell, Kevin L.
AU - Massire, Christian
AU - Eshoo, Mark W.
AU - Harpin, Vanessa
AU - Blyn, Lawrence B.
AU - Melton, Rachael
AU - Ivy, Cristina
AU - Pennella, Thuy
AU - Li, Feng
AU - Levene, Harold
AU - Hall, Thomas A.
AU - Libby, Brian
AU - Fan, Nancy
AU - Walcott, Demetrius J.
AU - Ranken, Raymond
AU - Pear, Michael
AU - Schink, Amy
AU - Gutierrez, Jose
AU - Drader, Jared
AU - Moore, David
AU - Metzgar, David
AU - Addington, Lynda
AU - Rothman, Richard
AU - Gaydos, Charlotte A.
AU - Yang, Samuel
AU - St George, Kirsten
AU - Fuschino, Meghan E.
AU - Dean, Amy B.
AU - Stallknecht, David E.
AU - Goekjian, Ginger
AU - Yingst, Samuel
AU - Monteville, Marshall
AU - Saad, Magdi D.
AU - Whitehouse, Chris A.
AU - Baldwin, Carson
AU - Rudnick, Karl H.
AU - Hofstadler, Steven A.
AU - Lemon, Stanley M.
AU - Ecker, David J.
PY - 2007/5/30
Y1 - 2007/5/30
N2 - Background. Effective influenza surveillance requires new methods capable of rapid and inexpensive genomic analysis of evolving viral species for pandemic preparedness, to understand the evolution of circulating viral species, and for vaccine strain selection. We have developed one such approach based on previously described broad-range reverse transcription PCR/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) technology. Methods and Principal Findings. Analysis of base compositions of RT-PCR amplicons from influenza core gene segments (PB1, PB2, PA, M, NS, NP) are used to provide subspecies identification and infer influenza virus H and N subtypes. Using this approach, we detected and correctly identified 92 mammalian and avian influenza isolates, representing 30 different H and N types, including 29 avian H5N1 isolates. Further, direct analysis of 656 human clinical respiratory specimens collected over a seven-year period (1999-2006) showed correct identification of the viral species and subtypes with >97% sensitivity and specificity. Base composition derived clusters inferred from this analysis showed 100% concordance to previously established clades. Ongoing surveillance of samples from the recent influenza virus seasons (2005-2006) showed evidence for emergence and establishment of new genotypes of circulating H3N2 strains worldwide. Mixed viral quasispecies were found in approximately 1% of these recent samples providing a view into viral evolution. Conclusion/Significance. Thus, rapid RT-PCR/ESI-MS analysis can be used to simultaneously identify all species of influenza viruses with clade-level resolution, identify mixed viral populations and monitor global spread and emergence of novel viral genotypes. This high-throughput method promises to become an integral component of influenza surveillance.
AB - Background. Effective influenza surveillance requires new methods capable of rapid and inexpensive genomic analysis of evolving viral species for pandemic preparedness, to understand the evolution of circulating viral species, and for vaccine strain selection. We have developed one such approach based on previously described broad-range reverse transcription PCR/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) technology. Methods and Principal Findings. Analysis of base compositions of RT-PCR amplicons from influenza core gene segments (PB1, PB2, PA, M, NS, NP) are used to provide subspecies identification and infer influenza virus H and N subtypes. Using this approach, we detected and correctly identified 92 mammalian and avian influenza isolates, representing 30 different H and N types, including 29 avian H5N1 isolates. Further, direct analysis of 656 human clinical respiratory specimens collected over a seven-year period (1999-2006) showed correct identification of the viral species and subtypes with >97% sensitivity and specificity. Base composition derived clusters inferred from this analysis showed 100% concordance to previously established clades. Ongoing surveillance of samples from the recent influenza virus seasons (2005-2006) showed evidence for emergence and establishment of new genotypes of circulating H3N2 strains worldwide. Mixed viral quasispecies were found in approximately 1% of these recent samples providing a view into viral evolution. Conclusion/Significance. Thus, rapid RT-PCR/ESI-MS analysis can be used to simultaneously identify all species of influenza viruses with clade-level resolution, identify mixed viral populations and monitor global spread and emergence of novel viral genotypes. This high-throughput method promises to become an integral component of influenza surveillance.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0000489
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0000489
M3 - Article
C2 - 17534439
AN - SCOPUS:55549137887
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 2
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 5
M1 - e489
ER -