TY - JOUR
T1 - Gemcitabine and paclitaxel
T2 - Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
AU - Kroep, Judith R.
AU - Giaccone, Giuseppe
AU - Voorn, Daphne A.
AU - Smit, Egbert F.
AU - Beijnen, Jos H.
AU - Rosing, Hilde
AU - van Moorsel, Catharina J A
AU - van Groeningen, Cornelis J.
AU - Postmus, Pieter E.
AU - Pinedo, Herbert M.
AU - Peters, Godefridus J.
PY - 1999/7
Y1 - 1999/7
N2 - Purpose: To assess possible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between gemcitabine and paclitaxel in a phase I/II study in non- small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients with advanced NSCLC received the following in a 3-week schedule: gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 (30 minutes, days 1 and 8) and paclitaxel 150 (n = 9) or 200 mg/m2 (n = 9) before gemcitabine (3 hours, day 1). Plasma pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in mononuclear cells were studied. Results: Gemcitabine did not influence paclitaxel pharmacokinetics at 150 and 200 mg/m2 (area under the concentration-time curve [AUC], 7.7 and 8.8 μmol/L · h, respectively; maximum plasma concentration [C(max)], 3.2 and 4.0 μmol/L, respectively), and paclitaxel did not influence that of gemcitabine (C(max), 30 ± 3 μmol/L) and 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine. Paclitaxel, however, dose-dependently increased the C(max) of gemcitabine triphosphate (dFdCTP), the active metabolite of gemcitabine, from 55 ± 10 to 106 ± 16 pmol/106 cells. No significant difference in the AUC of dFdCTP was observed. Moreover, the gemcitabine-paclitaxel combination significantly increased ribonucleotide levels, most pronounced for adenosine triphosphate (six- to seven-fold). Postinfusion paclitaxel AUC was related to pretreatment hepatic function (bilirubin: r = 0.79; P <.001) and to the percentage decrease in platelets (r = 0.61; P = .009). The latter was also related to the duration of paclitaxel concentration above 0.1 μmol/L (r = 0.62; P = .007). Gemcitabine C(max) was related to the percentage decrease in platelets (r = 0.58; P = .01), pretreatment hepatic function (bilirubin: r = 0.77; P <.001), and to plasma creatinine (r = 0.5; P = .03). The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were not related to response or survival. Conclusion: Gemcitabine and paclitaxel pharmacokinetics were related to the percentage decrease in platelets. Paclitaxel did not affect the pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine, nor did gemcitabine affect the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel, but paclitaxel increased dFdCTP accumulation. This might enhance the antitumor activity of gemcitabine.
AB - Purpose: To assess possible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between gemcitabine and paclitaxel in a phase I/II study in non- small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients with advanced NSCLC received the following in a 3-week schedule: gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 (30 minutes, days 1 and 8) and paclitaxel 150 (n = 9) or 200 mg/m2 (n = 9) before gemcitabine (3 hours, day 1). Plasma pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in mononuclear cells were studied. Results: Gemcitabine did not influence paclitaxel pharmacokinetics at 150 and 200 mg/m2 (area under the concentration-time curve [AUC], 7.7 and 8.8 μmol/L · h, respectively; maximum plasma concentration [C(max)], 3.2 and 4.0 μmol/L, respectively), and paclitaxel did not influence that of gemcitabine (C(max), 30 ± 3 μmol/L) and 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine. Paclitaxel, however, dose-dependently increased the C(max) of gemcitabine triphosphate (dFdCTP), the active metabolite of gemcitabine, from 55 ± 10 to 106 ± 16 pmol/106 cells. No significant difference in the AUC of dFdCTP was observed. Moreover, the gemcitabine-paclitaxel combination significantly increased ribonucleotide levels, most pronounced for adenosine triphosphate (six- to seven-fold). Postinfusion paclitaxel AUC was related to pretreatment hepatic function (bilirubin: r = 0.79; P <.001) and to the percentage decrease in platelets (r = 0.61; P = .009). The latter was also related to the duration of paclitaxel concentration above 0.1 μmol/L (r = 0.62; P = .007). Gemcitabine C(max) was related to the percentage decrease in platelets (r = 0.58; P = .01), pretreatment hepatic function (bilirubin: r = 0.77; P <.001), and to plasma creatinine (r = 0.5; P = .03). The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were not related to response or survival. Conclusion: Gemcitabine and paclitaxel pharmacokinetics were related to the percentage decrease in platelets. Paclitaxel did not affect the pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine, nor did gemcitabine affect the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel, but paclitaxel increased dFdCTP accumulation. This might enhance the antitumor activity of gemcitabine.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 10561275
AN - SCOPUS:0032983664
SN - 0732-183X
VL - 17
SP - 2190
EP - 2197
JO - Journal of Clinical Oncology
JF - Journal of Clinical Oncology
IS - 7
ER -