@article{6d1e1ac32b4541bebbb297edb7476770,
title = "G protein signaling events are activated at the leading edge of chemotactic cells",
abstract = "Directional sensing by eukaryotic cells does not require polarization of chemoattractant receptors. The translocation of the PH domain-containing protein CRAC in D. discoideum to binding sites on the inner face of the plasma membrane reflects activation of the G protein-linked signaling system. Increments in chemoattractant elicit a uniform response around the cell periphery. Yet when cells are exposed to a gradient, the activation occurs selectively at the stimulated edge, even in immobilized cells. We propose that such localized activation, transmitted by the recruitment of cytosolic proteins, may be a general mechanism for gradient sensing by G protein- linked chemotactic systems including those involving chemotactic cytokines in leukocytes.",
author = "Parent, {Carole A.} and Blacklock, {Brenda J.} and Froehlich, {Wendy M.} and Murphy, {Douglas B.} and Devreotes, {Peter N.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Dr. Saskia van Es for helpful discussions and technical assistance, Mr. Rodrigo Bustos for his assistance with the fluorescence microscopy, and Mr. Brian Kang for help with the cloning of CRAC-GFP. We are also grateful to Dr. Denis Wirtz for providing the Latrunculin A and Dr. Pierre A. Coulombe for helpful discussions and excellent suggestions. Videos depicting similar experiments as the ones presented in this paper as well as GFP-tagged chemoattractant receptors and G proteins can be viewed at www.med.jhu.edu/devreotes . This work was supported by The American Cancer Society Grant DB-1c to P. N. D., National Institutes of Health Grant GM57874 to C. A. P. and P. N. D., and National Institutes of Health Grant GM33171 to D. B. M. ",
year = "1998",
month = oct,
day = "2",
doi = "10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81784-5",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "95",
pages = "81--91",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "1",
}