Functional maturation of the executive system during adolescence

Theodore D. Satterthwaite; Daniel H. Wolf; Guray Erus; Kosha Ruparel; Mark A. Elliott; Efstathios D. Gennatas; Ryan Hopson; Chad Jackson; Karthik Prabhakaran; Warren B. Bilker; Monica E. Calkins; James Loughead; Alex Smith; David R. Roalf; Hakon Hakonarson; Ragini Verma; Christos Davatzikos; Ruben C. Gur; Raquel E. Gur

doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2345-13.2013

Functional maturation of the executive system during adolescence

Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Daniel H. Wolf, Guray Erus, Kosha Ruparel, Mark A. Elliott, Efstathios D. Gennatas, Ryan Hopson, Chad Jackson, Karthik Prabhakaran, Warren B. Bilker, Monica E. Calkins, James Loughead, Alex Smith, David R. Roalf, Hakon Hakonarson, Ragini Verma, Christos Davatzikos, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

122 Scopus citations

Abstract

Adolescence is characterized by rapid development of executive function. Working memory (WM) is a key element of executive function, but it is not known what brain changes during adolescence allow improved WM performance. Using a fractal n-back fMRI paradigm, we investigated brain responses to WM load in 951 human youths aged 8-22 years. Compared with more limited associations with age, WM performance was robustly associated with both executive network activation and deactivation of the default mode network. Multivariate patterns of brain activation predicted task performance with a high degree of accuracy, and also mediated the observed age-related improvements inWMperformance. These results delineate a process of functional maturation of the executive system, and suggest that this process allows for the improvement of cognitive capability seen during adolescence.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	16249-16261
Number of pages	13
Journal	Journal of Neuroscience
Volume	33
Issue number	41
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2345-13.2013
State	Published - 2013
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Neuroscience

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Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D. H., Erus, G., Ruparel, K., Elliott, M. A., Gennatas, E. D., Hopson, R., Jackson, C., Prabhakaran, K., Bilker, W. B., Calkins, M. E., Loughead, J., Smith, A., Roalf, D. R., Hakonarson, H., Verma, R., Davatzikos, C., Gur, R. C., & Gur, R. E. (2013). Functional maturation of the executive system during adolescence. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(41), 16249-16261. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2345-13.2013

Satterthwaite, TD, Wolf, DH, Erus, G, Ruparel, K, Elliott, MA, Gennatas, ED, Hopson, R, Jackson, C, Prabhakaran, K, Bilker, WB, Calkins, ME, Loughead, J, Smith, A, Roalf, DR, Hakonarson, H, Verma, R, Davatzikos, C, Gur, RC & Gur, RE 2013, 'Functional maturation of the executive system during adolescence', Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 33, no. 41, pp. 16249-16261. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2345-13.2013

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abstract = "Adolescence is characterized by rapid development of executive function. Working memory (WM) is a key element of executive function, but it is not known what brain changes during adolescence allow improved WM performance. Using a fractal n-back fMRI paradigm, we investigated brain responses to WM load in 951 human youths aged 8-22 years. Compared with more limited associations with age, WM performance was robustly associated with both executive network activation and deactivation of the default mode network. Multivariate patterns of brain activation predicted task performance with a high degree of accuracy, and also mediated the observed age-related improvements inWMperformance. These results delineate a process of functional maturation of the executive system, and suggest that this process allows for the improvement of cognitive capability seen during adolescence.",

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AU - Jackson, Chad

AU - Prabhakaran, Karthik

AU - Bilker, Warren B.

AU - Calkins, Monica E.

AU - Loughead, James

AU - Smith, Alex

AU - Roalf, David R.

AU - Hakonarson, Hakon

AU - Verma, Ragini

AU - Davatzikos, Christos

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AB - Adolescence is characterized by rapid development of executive function. Working memory (WM) is a key element of executive function, but it is not known what brain changes during adolescence allow improved WM performance. Using a fractal n-back fMRI paradigm, we investigated brain responses to WM load in 951 human youths aged 8-22 years. Compared with more limited associations with age, WM performance was robustly associated with both executive network activation and deactivation of the default mode network. Multivariate patterns of brain activation predicted task performance with a high degree of accuracy, and also mediated the observed age-related improvements inWMperformance. These results delineate a process of functional maturation of the executive system, and suggest that this process allows for the improvement of cognitive capability seen during adolescence.

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Functional maturation of the executive system during adolescence

Abstract

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