TY - JOUR
T1 - Full-length sequence of an Ethiopian human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolate of genetic subtype C
AU - Salminen, Mika O.
AU - Johansson, Bo
AU - Sönnerborg, Anders
AU - Ayehunie, Seyoum
AU - Gotte, Deanna
AU - Leinikki, Pauli
AU - Burke, Donald S.
AU - McCutchan, Francine E.
PY - 1996/9/20
Y1 - 1996/9/20
N2 - Genetic subtype C of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has established foci of infection in India and in at least eight African countries, and is expected to contribute significantly to the global pandemic. Here we report the first almost full-length sequence of a subtype C HIV-1 from Ethiopia. Clone C2220, 9031 nt in length, was derived by long PCR amplification of proviral DNA from virus cultured on primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and contains all but 74 nt of the unique sequence information of the HIV-1 genome. This clone resembles HIV-1 isolates of subtypes A, B, and D in its genome organization with one notable exception: the core promoter contains not two, but three potential binding sites for the transcription factor NF-kB. The extra NF-kB site was found in all other Ethiopian strains analyzed, as well as in subtype C viruses from Zambia, suggesting it is typical for the C-subtype of HIV-1. The phylogenetic relationship of C2220 to other HIV-1 isolates is also presented. Subtype C viruses circulating in Ethiopia exhibit the low interisolate diversity typical of other, newly established HIV-1 epidemics, and C2220 is both representative of Ethiopian subtype C viruses and a suitable prototype for the development of vaccines against HIV-1 subtype C.
AB - Genetic subtype C of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has established foci of infection in India and in at least eight African countries, and is expected to contribute significantly to the global pandemic. Here we report the first almost full-length sequence of a subtype C HIV-1 from Ethiopia. Clone C2220, 9031 nt in length, was derived by long PCR amplification of proviral DNA from virus cultured on primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and contains all but 74 nt of the unique sequence information of the HIV-1 genome. This clone resembles HIV-1 isolates of subtypes A, B, and D in its genome organization with one notable exception: the core promoter contains not two, but three potential binding sites for the transcription factor NF-kB. The extra NF-kB site was found in all other Ethiopian strains analyzed, as well as in subtype C viruses from Zambia, suggesting it is typical for the C-subtype of HIV-1. The phylogenetic relationship of C2220 to other HIV-1 isolates is also presented. Subtype C viruses circulating in Ethiopia exhibit the low interisolate diversity typical of other, newly established HIV-1 epidemics, and C2220 is both representative of Ethiopian subtype C viruses and a suitable prototype for the development of vaccines against HIV-1 subtype C.
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U2 - 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1329
DO - 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1329
M3 - Article
C2 - 8891112
AN - SCOPUS:0029813308
VL - 12
SP - 1329
EP - 1339
JO - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
SN - 0889-2229
IS - 14
ER -