@article{4bba654090364b9c9191ba88c8492255,
title = "Folate, methionine, alcohol, and colorectal cancer in a prospective study of women in the United States",
abstract = "Objective: We investigated the associations of folate, methionine, and alcohol intake, as well as combinations of these factors, with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: We assessed diet using a 62-item food-frequency questionnaire among 45,264 women in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) Follow-up Study. After an average of 8.5 years of follow-up, 490 cases of CRC were identified. Results: Dietary folate showed only a slight inverse association with the risk of CRC (RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.65-1.13 for high vs. low quintile, p for trend = 0.14), and the association for total folate was null. Consuming more than two servings of alcohol per day was only slightly associated with CRC in this cohort (RR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.63-2.14). Combinations of high alcohol and low total folate did not result in a higher risk of CRC. There was no association between methionine and colorectal cancer. Conclusions: This study shows limited association between alcohol intake and CRC. The non-association of total folate and methionine with CRC, and the null results from the combined folate and alcohol analyses, suggest that what effect alcohol may have on CRC is unrelated to the methyl-group metabolism pathway.",
keywords = "Alcohol, Colorectal cancer, DNA methylation, Folate, Methionine",
author = "Andrew Flood and Laura Caprario and Nilanjan Chaterjee and Lacey, {James V.} and Catherine Schairer and Arthur Schatzkin",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the women who volunteered to participate in the BCDDP Follow-up Study. We also thank Sholom Wacholder of the Biostatistics Branch in the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics at NCI for consultation on statistical matters; Leslie Carroll at IMS, Inc., Silver Spring, MD for computer support; and Catherine Ann Grundmayer, Susan En-glehart, and the BCDDP staff of Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD for assistance in collecting and processing data for the study. The authors acknowledge the California Department of Health Services, Cancer Surveillance Section; the Florida Cancer Data System under contract to the State Department of Health; the Maryland Cancer Registry, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program within the Division for Vital Records and Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Community Health; the Division of Health Statistics, Pennsylvania Department of Health; the Tennessee Cancer Registry; the Texas Department of Health; and the states of Arizona, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, and Rhode Island for providing data from their cancer registries for use in these analyses. The views expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any state agency listed above.",
year = "2002",
doi = "10.1023/A:1016330609603",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "13",
pages = "551--561",
journal = "Cancer Causes and Control",
issn = "0957-5243",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "6",
}