TY - JOUR
T1 - Familiality of tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
T2 - Heritability analysis in a large sib-pair sample
AU - Mathews, Carol A.
AU - Grados, Marco A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by funds from the Tourette Syndrome Association and by grant NS 40024 from the National Institutes of Health .
PY - 2011/1
Y1 - 2011/1
N2 - Objective Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a genetic component that is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the genetic relations between these disorders have not been clearly elucidated. This study examined the familial relations among TS, OCD, and ADHD in a large sample of TS families. Method Parentoffspring concordance of TS, OCD, and ADHD was examined in 952 individuals from 222 TS-affected sib-pair families originally collected for genetic studies using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to control for correlated data. Variance components methods were used to estimate the heritability and genetic and environmental correlations among TS, OCD, and ADHD. Bilineal families where both parents had TS or OCD were excluded. Results OCD and ADHD were highly heritable in these TS families. There were significant genetic correlations between TS and OCD and between OCD and ADHD, but not between TS and ADHD. In addition, significant environmental correlations were found between TS and ADHD and between OCD and ADHD. Parental OCD + ADHD was associated with offspring OCD + ADHD. Conclusions This study provides further evidence for a genetic relation between TS and OCD and suggests that the observed relation between TS and ADHD may due in part be to a genetic association between OCD and ADHD and in part due to shared environmental factors.
AB - Objective Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a genetic component that is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the genetic relations between these disorders have not been clearly elucidated. This study examined the familial relations among TS, OCD, and ADHD in a large sample of TS families. Method Parentoffspring concordance of TS, OCD, and ADHD was examined in 952 individuals from 222 TS-affected sib-pair families originally collected for genetic studies using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to control for correlated data. Variance components methods were used to estimate the heritability and genetic and environmental correlations among TS, OCD, and ADHD. Bilineal families where both parents had TS or OCD were excluded. Results OCD and ADHD were highly heritable in these TS families. There were significant genetic correlations between TS and OCD and between OCD and ADHD, but not between TS and ADHD. In addition, significant environmental correlations were found between TS and ADHD and between OCD and ADHD. Parental OCD + ADHD was associated with offspring OCD + ADHD. Conclusions This study provides further evidence for a genetic relation between TS and OCD and suggests that the observed relation between TS and ADHD may due in part be to a genetic association between OCD and ADHD and in part due to shared environmental factors.
KW - attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
KW - bilineality
KW - familiality
KW - heritability
KW - obsessive-compulsive disorder
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.10.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 21156269
AN - SCOPUS:78650169701
SN - 0890-8567
VL - 50
SP - 46
EP - 54
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
IS - 1
ER -