TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among African American women in New York city who use drugs
AU - Miller, Maureen
AU - Liao, Yuyan
AU - Gomez, Anu Manchikanti
AU - Gaydos, Charlotte A.
AU - D'Mellow, Delysha
N1 - Funding Information:
Received 24 July 2007; accepted 20 September 2007; electronically published 5 February 2008. Potential conflicts of interest: none reported. Financial support: National Institutes of Health (grant DA14523 to M.M.). Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Maureen Miller, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595 (maureen_miller@nymc.edu).
PY - 2008/2/15
Y1 - 2008/2/15
N2 - Background. Trichomoniasis vaginalis, the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection, is associated with negative reproductive outcomes and increased HIV transmission and may be overrepresented among African Americans. Methods. Atotal of 135 African American women who used drugs were screened for Trichomonas vaginalis on ≥2 occasions between March 2003 and August 2005. Women were administered a structured questionnaire in a community-based research center, underwent serological testing for human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus type 2, and were screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Results. Fifty-one women (38%) screened positive for T. vaginalis at baseline. Twenty-nine (31%) of 95 women with negative results of baseline tests became infected, for an incidence of 35.1 cases per 100 person-years at risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.5-49.0). Prevalent infection was associated with drug use in the past 30 days, and incident infection was associated with sexual behavior in the past 30 days, namely having >1 male sex partner. Women who reported having >1 partner were 4 times as likely as women with fewer partners to acquire T. vaginalis (hazard ratio, 4.3; 95% CI, 2.0-9.4). Conclusion. T. vaginalis may be endemic in this community of African American women. A control strategy that includes T. vaginalis screening in nonclinical settings and rapid point-of-care testing could contribute to the disruption of transmission of this pathogen.
AB - Background. Trichomoniasis vaginalis, the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection, is associated with negative reproductive outcomes and increased HIV transmission and may be overrepresented among African Americans. Methods. Atotal of 135 African American women who used drugs were screened for Trichomonas vaginalis on ≥2 occasions between March 2003 and August 2005. Women were administered a structured questionnaire in a community-based research center, underwent serological testing for human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus type 2, and were screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Results. Fifty-one women (38%) screened positive for T. vaginalis at baseline. Twenty-nine (31%) of 95 women with negative results of baseline tests became infected, for an incidence of 35.1 cases per 100 person-years at risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.5-49.0). Prevalent infection was associated with drug use in the past 30 days, and incident infection was associated with sexual behavior in the past 30 days, namely having >1 male sex partner. Women who reported having >1 partner were 4 times as likely as women with fewer partners to acquire T. vaginalis (hazard ratio, 4.3; 95% CI, 2.0-9.4). Conclusion. T. vaginalis may be endemic in this community of African American women. A control strategy that includes T. vaginalis screening in nonclinical settings and rapid point-of-care testing could contribute to the disruption of transmission of this pathogen.
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U2 - 10.1086/526497
DO - 10.1086/526497
M3 - Article
C2 - 18275272
AN - SCOPUS:40049097066
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 197
SP - 503
EP - 509
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 4
ER -