TY - JOUR
T1 - Facial transplantation
T2 - The first 9 years
AU - Khalifian, Saami
AU - Brazio, Philip S.
AU - Mohan, Raja
AU - Shaffer, Cynthia
AU - Brandacher, Gerald
AU - Barth, Rolf N.
AU - Rodriguez, Eduardo D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2014/12/13
Y1 - 2014/12/13
N2 - Since the first facial transplantation in 2005, 28 have been done worldwide with encouraging immunological, functional, psychological, and aesthetic outcomes. Unlike solid organ transplantation, which is potentially life-saving, facial transplantation is life-changing. This difference has generated ethical concerns about the exposure of otherwise young and healthy individuals to the sequelae of lifelong, high-dose, multidrug immunosuppression. Nevertheless, advances in immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive protocols, microsurgical techniques, and computer-aided surgical planning have enabled broader clinical application of this procedure to patients. Although episodes of acute skin rejection continue to pose a serious threat to face transplant recipients, all cases have been controlled with conventional immunosuppressive regimens, and no cases of chronic rejection have been reported.
AB - Since the first facial transplantation in 2005, 28 have been done worldwide with encouraging immunological, functional, psychological, and aesthetic outcomes. Unlike solid organ transplantation, which is potentially life-saving, facial transplantation is life-changing. This difference has generated ethical concerns about the exposure of otherwise young and healthy individuals to the sequelae of lifelong, high-dose, multidrug immunosuppression. Nevertheless, advances in immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive protocols, microsurgical techniques, and computer-aided surgical planning have enabled broader clinical application of this procedure to patients. Although episodes of acute skin rejection continue to pose a serious threat to face transplant recipients, all cases have been controlled with conventional immunosuppressive regimens, and no cases of chronic rejection have been reported.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62632-X
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62632-X
M3 - Review article
C2 - 24783986
AN - SCOPUS:84917684484
SN - 0140-6736
VL - 384
SP - 2153
EP - 2163
JO - The Lancet
JF - The Lancet
IS - 9960
ER -