TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracellular vesicle interplay in cardiovascular pathophysiology
AU - Saheera, Sherin
AU - Jani, Vivek P.
AU - Witwer, Kenneth W.
AU - Kutty, Shelby
N1 - Funding Information:
K. W. Witwer is supported in part by UG3CA241694 (NIH Common Fund, through the Office of Strategic Coordination/ Office of the NIH Director).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 the American Physiological Society.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles released from cells that mediate intercellular communications and play a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. Subtypes of EVs may include plasma membrane ectosomes or microvesicles and endosomal origin exosomes, although functional distinctions remain unclear. EVs carry cargo proteins, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA), lipids, and metabolites. By presenting or transferring this cargo to recipient cells, EVs can trigger cellular responses. We summarize contemporary understanding of EV biogenesis, composition, and function, with an emphasis on the role of EVs in the cardiovascular system. In addition, we outline the functional relevance of EVs in cardiovascular pathophysiology, further highlighting their potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles released from cells that mediate intercellular communications and play a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. Subtypes of EVs may include plasma membrane ectosomes or microvesicles and endosomal origin exosomes, although functional distinctions remain unclear. EVs carry cargo proteins, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA), lipids, and metabolites. By presenting or transferring this cargo to recipient cells, EVs can trigger cellular responses. We summarize contemporary understanding of EV biogenesis, composition, and function, with an emphasis on the role of EVs in the cardiovascular system. In addition, we outline the functional relevance of EVs in cardiovascular pathophysiology, further highlighting their potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Ectosome
KW - Exosomal cargo
KW - Exosome
KW - Extracellular vesicles
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U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00925.2020
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00925.2020
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33666501
AN - SCOPUS:85105320388
SN - 0363-6135
VL - 320
SP - H1749-H1761
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
IS - 5
ER -