TY - JOUR
T1 - Expression of pluripotent stem cell markers in the human fetal testis
AU - Kerr, Candace L.
AU - Hill, Christine M.
AU - Blumenthal, Paul D.
AU - Gearhart, John D.
PY - 2008/2
Y1 - 2008/2
N2 - Human primordial germ cells (PGCs) have proven to be a source of pluripotent stem cells called embryonic germ cells (EGCs). However, the developmental potency of these cells in the fetal gonad still remains elusive. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of pluripotent and germ cell marker expression in human fetal testis 7-15 weeks postfertilization (pF) and compares this expression to their ability to derive EGCs. Although the majority of germ cells expressed stem cell markers stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA) 1, SSEA4, EMA-1, and alkaline phosphatase, only a small percentage of those (+/CKIT+/NANOG+ cells significantly increased in the developing cords during weeks 7-9, followed by a gradual decline into week 15 pF. By week 15 pF, the remaining OCT4+/CKIT +/NANOG+ cells were found in the cords surrounding the periphery of the testis, and the predominant germ cells, CKIT+ cells, no longer expressed OCT4 or NANOG. Based on morphology and early germ cell marker expression, including VASA, PUM2, and DAZL, we suggest these cells are mitotically active gonocytes or prespermatogonia. Importantly, the number of OCT4+ cells correlated with an increase in the number of EGC colonies derived in culture. Interestingly, two pluripotent markers, Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81, although highly expressed in EGCs, were not expressed by PGCs in the gonad. Together, these results suggest that PGCs maintain expression of pluripotent stem cell markers during and after sexual differentiation of the gonad, albeit in very low numbers.
AB - Human primordial germ cells (PGCs) have proven to be a source of pluripotent stem cells called embryonic germ cells (EGCs). However, the developmental potency of these cells in the fetal gonad still remains elusive. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of pluripotent and germ cell marker expression in human fetal testis 7-15 weeks postfertilization (pF) and compares this expression to their ability to derive EGCs. Although the majority of germ cells expressed stem cell markers stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA) 1, SSEA4, EMA-1, and alkaline phosphatase, only a small percentage of those (+/CKIT+/NANOG+ cells significantly increased in the developing cords during weeks 7-9, followed by a gradual decline into week 15 pF. By week 15 pF, the remaining OCT4+/CKIT +/NANOG+ cells were found in the cords surrounding the periphery of the testis, and the predominant germ cells, CKIT+ cells, no longer expressed OCT4 or NANOG. Based on morphology and early germ cell marker expression, including VASA, PUM2, and DAZL, we suggest these cells are mitotically active gonocytes or prespermatogonia. Importantly, the number of OCT4+ cells correlated with an increase in the number of EGC colonies derived in culture. Interestingly, two pluripotent markers, Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81, although highly expressed in EGCs, were not expressed by PGCs in the gonad. Together, these results suggest that PGCs maintain expression of pluripotent stem cell markers during and after sexual differentiation of the gonad, albeit in very low numbers.
KW - Embryonic germ cells
KW - Embryonic stem cells
KW - Human
KW - Pluripotency
KW - Primordial germ cells
KW - Testis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=40949105161&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=40949105161&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0605
DO - 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0605
M3 - Article
C2 - 18024420
AN - SCOPUS:40949105161
SN - 1066-5099
VL - 26
SP - 412
EP - 421
JO - Stem Cells
JF - Stem Cells
IS - 2
ER -