@article{97b1987ebea743118f669544e03d8091,
title = "Evaluation of the guaiac fecal occult blood test for detection of gastrointestinal bleeding in the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)",
abstract = "Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage accompanies several common diseases of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Guaiac fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT) is a non-invasive means to detect such bleeding in several species; however, there are currently no data indicating reliability of this test to detect GI hemorrhage in macaques. Methods: We evaluated sensitivity and specificity of gFOBT to detect simulated and biopsy-associated bleeding in the stomach, duodenum, and colon of 15 rhesus macaques. Fecal samples were analyzed via gFOBT for 72 hours. Results: Guaiac fecal occult blood testing was more sensitive to detect lower vs upper GI bleeding; sensitivity was volume-dependent in the upper GI tract. Single-test specificity was 95.2%. Repeated fecal collections increased gFOBT sensitivity without affecting specificity. Conclusions: Guaiac fecal occult blood testing is a useful screening test for both upper and lower GI bleeding in rhesus macaques. For highest sensitivity, gFOBT should be performed on three fecal samples collected 24 hours apart.",
keywords = "colon, duodenum, fecal occult blood testing, guaiac fecal occult blood testing, hemorrhage, non-human primate, stomach, tissue biopsy",
author = "Cooper, {Rachel Elizabeth} and Hutchinson, {Eric Kenneth} and Izzi, {Jessica Marie}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by NIH grant T32 OD011089 and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Research Animal Resources. The authors thank Jacqueline Brockhurst, Jessica Herrod, Casey Kissel, Alicia Braxton, Melanie Adams, Gabriella Dancourt, and Kristy Koenig for assistance with anesthesia, blood collection, and tissue biopsy procedures; Sarah Beck, Nathan Crilly, Byung‐Hak Kang, Stephanie Myers, Lauren Peiffer, and Katie Mulka for histological interpretation of biopsy samples; Richard Sidhom for assistance with sample collection; and Mary Archer and Rock Scarborough for managing care of the animals throughout this project. Funding Information: This study was supported by NIH grant T32 OD011089 and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Research Animal Resources. The authors thank Jacqueline Brockhurst, Jessica Herrod, Casey Kissel, Alicia Braxton, Melanie Adams, Gabriella Dancourt, and Kristy Koenig for assistance with anesthesia, blood collection, and tissue biopsy procedures; Sarah Beck, Nathan Crilly, Byung-Hak Kang, Stephanie Myers, Lauren Peiffer, and Katie Mulka for histological interpretation of biopsy samples; Richard Sidhom for assistance with sample collection; and Mary Archer and Rock Scarborough for managing care of the animals throughout this project. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors. Journal of Medical Primatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/jmp.12446",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "49",
pages = "16--25",
journal = "Journal of medical primatology",
issn = "0047-2565",
publisher = "Blackwell Munksgaard",
number = "1",
}