TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children
AU - Hamdy, Rana F.
AU - Hsu, Alice J.
AU - Stockmann, Chris
AU - Olson, Jared A.
AU - Bryan, Matthew
AU - Hersh, Adam L.
AU - Tamma, Pranita D.
AU - Gerber, Jeffrey S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health training grant T32 GM-075766 awarded to the Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training of the University of Pennsylvania. Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
PY - 2017/6
Y1 - 2017/6
N2 - Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia is associated with high rates of treatment failure in adults. The epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and risk factors for treatment failure associated with MRSA bacteremia in children are poorly understood. Methods: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of children ≤18 years hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia across 3 tertiary care children's hospitals from 2007 to 2014. Treatment failure was defined as persistent bacteremia >3 days, recurrence of bacteremia within 30 days, or attributable 30-day mortality. Potential risk factors for treatment failure, including the site of infection, vancomycin trough concentration, critical illness, and need for source control, were collected via manual chart review and evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of 232 episodes of MRSA bacteremia, 72 (31%) experienced treatment failure and 23% developed complications, whereas 5 (2%) died within 30 days. Multivariable analysis of 174 children treated with vancomycin with steady-state vancomycin concentrations obtained found that catheter-related infections (odds ratio [OR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.94) and endovascular infections (OR, 4.35; 95% CI: 1.07-17.7) were associated with lower and higher odds of treatment failure, respectively, whereas a first vancomycin serum trough concentration <10 μg/mL was not associated with treatment failure (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.49-3.66). Each additional day of bacteremia was associated with a 50% (95% CI: 26%-79%) increased odds of bacteremia-related complications. Conclusions: Hospitalized children with MRSA bacteremia frequently suffered treatment failure and complications, but mortality was low. The odds of bacteremia-related complications increased with each additional day of bacteremia, emphasizing the importance of achieving rapid sterilization.
AB - Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia is associated with high rates of treatment failure in adults. The epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and risk factors for treatment failure associated with MRSA bacteremia in children are poorly understood. Methods: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of children ≤18 years hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia across 3 tertiary care children's hospitals from 2007 to 2014. Treatment failure was defined as persistent bacteremia >3 days, recurrence of bacteremia within 30 days, or attributable 30-day mortality. Potential risk factors for treatment failure, including the site of infection, vancomycin trough concentration, critical illness, and need for source control, were collected via manual chart review and evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of 232 episodes of MRSA bacteremia, 72 (31%) experienced treatment failure and 23% developed complications, whereas 5 (2%) died within 30 days. Multivariable analysis of 174 children treated with vancomycin with steady-state vancomycin concentrations obtained found that catheter-related infections (odds ratio [OR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.94) and endovascular infections (OR, 4.35; 95% CI: 1.07-17.7) were associated with lower and higher odds of treatment failure, respectively, whereas a first vancomycin serum trough concentration <10 μg/mL was not associated with treatment failure (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.49-3.66). Each additional day of bacteremia was associated with a 50% (95% CI: 26%-79%) increased odds of bacteremia-related complications. Conclusions: Hospitalized children with MRSA bacteremia frequently suffered treatment failure and complications, but mortality was low. The odds of bacteremia-related complications increased with each additional day of bacteremia, emphasizing the importance of achieving rapid sterilization.
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U2 - 10.1542/peds.2017-0183
DO - 10.1542/peds.2017-0183
M3 - Article
C2 - 28562284
AN - SCOPUS:85020205737
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 139
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 6
M1 - e20170183
ER -