TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Immune Thrombocytopenia
AU - Kohli, Rahil
AU - Chaturvedi, Shruti
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart� New York.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) occurs with an incidence rate of 1.6 to 3.9 per 100,000 patient-years, which increases with age and has a slight female preponderance. ITP is termed acute, persistent or chronic when its duration is <3 months, 3 to 12 months and >12 months, respectively. In this narrative review, we discuss the clinical manifestations of ITP in children and adults. ITP is asymptomatic in some patients; however, when present, bleeding is the most common symptom and can be mild as in petechiae, purpura and epistaxis, or severe and even life threatening in cases of intracranial haemorrhage, and massive gastrointestinal or urinary tract bleeding. A platelet count <10-20 × 10 9 /L, advanced age and prior minor bleeding are risk factors for major bleeding, which is also more common in the months following a new diagnosis of acute ITP. Fatigue and impaired health-related quality of life are also manifestations of ITP that often improve with treatment and improvement in platelet counts. Over long-Term follow-up, ITP is also associated with an increased risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism, haematologic malignancy and overall mortality than the general population.
AB - Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) occurs with an incidence rate of 1.6 to 3.9 per 100,000 patient-years, which increases with age and has a slight female preponderance. ITP is termed acute, persistent or chronic when its duration is <3 months, 3 to 12 months and >12 months, respectively. In this narrative review, we discuss the clinical manifestations of ITP in children and adults. ITP is asymptomatic in some patients; however, when present, bleeding is the most common symptom and can be mild as in petechiae, purpura and epistaxis, or severe and even life threatening in cases of intracranial haemorrhage, and massive gastrointestinal or urinary tract bleeding. A platelet count <10-20 × 10 9 /L, advanced age and prior minor bleeding are risk factors for major bleeding, which is also more common in the months following a new diagnosis of acute ITP. Fatigue and impaired health-related quality of life are also manifestations of ITP that often improve with treatment and improvement in platelet counts. Over long-Term follow-up, ITP is also associated with an increased risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism, haematologic malignancy and overall mortality than the general population.
KW - autoimmune diseases
KW - bleeding
KW - immune thrombocytopenia
KW - platelets
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U2 - 10.1055/s-0039-1683416
DO - 10.1055/s-0039-1683416
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30868551
AN - SCOPUS:85071637328
VL - 39
SP - 238
EP - 249
JO - Hamostaseologie
JF - Hamostaseologie
SN - 0720-9355
IS - 3
ER -