TY - JOUR
T1 - Entrepreneurial, economic, and social well-being outcomes from an RCT of a youth entrepreneurship education intervention among native American adolescents
AU - Tingey, Lauren
AU - Larzelere, Francene
AU - Goklish, Novalene
AU - Rosenstock, Summer
AU - Mayo-Wilson, Larissa Jennings
AU - Pablo, Elliott
AU - Goklish, Warren
AU - Grass, Ryan
AU - Sprengeler, Feather
AU - Parker, Sean
AU - Ingalls, Allison
AU - Craig, Mariddie
AU - Barlow, Allison
N1 - Funding Information:
grant number U261IHS0080 and
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: We gratefully acknowledge the wisdom and leadership of the White Mountain Apache Tribe and our Community Advisory Board. We thank the youth and community members for their time and dedication to this work. We thank the National Institutes of Health and Barclays Bank for funding this work.
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by Barclays Bank.
Funding Information:
This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health, grant number U261IHS0080 and Barclays Bank.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/4/1
Y1 - 2020/4/1
N2 - Background: Entrepreneurship education has demonstrated positive impacts in lowresource contexts. However, there is limited evidence of such programs evaluated among Native American (NA) youth in a rural reservation. Methods: A 2:1 randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of the Arrowhead Business Group (ABG) entrepreneurship education program on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and social well-being among 394 NA youth. An intent to treat analysis using mixed effects regression models examined within and between study group differences from baseline to 24 months. An interaction term measured change in the intervention relative to change in the control. ABG participants were purposively sampled to conduct focus groups and in-depth interviews. Results: Significant intervention vs. control group improvements were sustained at 12 months for entrepreneurship knowledge and economic confidence/security. Significant within-group improvements were sustained for ABG participants at 24 months for connectedness to parents, school, and awareness of connectedness. Qualitative data endorses positive impacts on social well-being among ABG participants. Conclusion: Observed effects on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and connectedness, supplemented by the experiences and changes as described by the youth themselves, demonstrates how a strength-based youth entrepreneurship intervention focused on developing assets and resources may be an innovative approach to dually address health and economic disparities endured in Native American communities.
AB - Background: Entrepreneurship education has demonstrated positive impacts in lowresource contexts. However, there is limited evidence of such programs evaluated among Native American (NA) youth in a rural reservation. Methods: A 2:1 randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of the Arrowhead Business Group (ABG) entrepreneurship education program on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and social well-being among 394 NA youth. An intent to treat analysis using mixed effects regression models examined within and between study group differences from baseline to 24 months. An interaction term measured change in the intervention relative to change in the control. ABG participants were purposively sampled to conduct focus groups and in-depth interviews. Results: Significant intervention vs. control group improvements were sustained at 12 months for entrepreneurship knowledge and economic confidence/security. Significant within-group improvements were sustained for ABG participants at 24 months for connectedness to parents, school, and awareness of connectedness. Qualitative data endorses positive impacts on social well-being among ABG participants. Conclusion: Observed effects on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and connectedness, supplemented by the experiences and changes as described by the youth themselves, demonstrates how a strength-based youth entrepreneurship intervention focused on developing assets and resources may be an innovative approach to dually address health and economic disparities endured in Native American communities.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Economic empowerment
KW - Entrepreneurship education
KW - Native american
KW - Qualitative
KW - Randomized controlled trial
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U2 - 10.3390/ijerph17072383
DO - 10.3390/ijerph17072383
M3 - Article
C2 - 32244495
AN - SCOPUS:85083041991
SN - 1661-7827
VL - 17
JO - International journal of environmental research and public health
JF - International journal of environmental research and public health
IS - 7
M1 - 2383
ER -