Abstract
We examined the use of employment-based abstinence reinforcement in out-of-treatment injection drug users, in this secondary analysis of a previously reported trial. Participants (N = 33) could work in the therapeutic workplace, a model employment-based program for drug addiction, for 30 weeks and could earn approximately $10 per hr. During a 4-week induction, participants only had to work to earn pay. After induction, access to the workplace was contingent on enrollment in methadone treatment. After participants met the methadone contingency for 3 weeks, they had to provide opiate-negative urine samples to maintain maximum pay. After participants met those contingencies for 3 weeks, they had to provide opiate- and cocaine-negative urine samples to maintain maximum pay. The percentage of drug-negative urine samples remained stable until the abstinence reinforcement contingency for each drug was applied. The percentage of opiate- and cocaine-negative urine samples increased abruptly and significantly after the opiate- and cocaine-abstinence contingencies, respectively, were applied. These results demonstrate that the sequential administration of employment-based abstinence reinforcement can increase opiate and cocaine abstinence among out-of-treatment injection drug users.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 681-693 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Journal of applied behavior analysis |
Volume | 47 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1 2014 |
Keywords
- abstinence reinforcement
- cocaine addiction
- contingency management
- employment
- opiate addiction
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Philosophy
- Applied Psychology
- Sociology and Political Science